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Vasander, Harri; Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina; Lode, Elve; Lundin, Lars; Ilomets, Mati; Sallantaus, Tapani; Heikkilä, Risto; Pitkänen, M.-L.; Laine, Jukka

doi:10.1023/a:1022061622602

Cited by 176 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…11 Mind that mires are defined as having a peat thickness of > 30 cm (Paal & Laibak 2011). accurate regarding the polygon borders (see Material and Methods above). Furthermore, the resulting 631.3 x 10³ ha of drained peatland from our GIS analysis are in line with the total drained peatland area as reported by Paal &Leibak (2011) andVasander et al (2003;Table 9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The largest difference in area data was found for agriculture, for which NIS Estonia (2014) reports only 44.2 x 10³ ha (Cropland + Grassland), whereas our GIS analysis suggests 240.0 x 10³ ha, Vasander et al (2003) about 269.0 x 10³ ha, and the official FAO statistics 384.0 x 10³ ha (Cropland + Grassland), 12 respectively ( Table 9). Also Ilomets (2015) estimates the area of peatlands that have been drained and brought into agricultural production as cultivated grassland, pasture and arable land to 250.0-300.0 x 10³ ha.Drainage and land use of organic soils lead according to the NIS Estonia (2014) to an annual CO2 emission of 0.8 Mt (Table 8), whereas we would arrive at a total of 3.4 Mt (Table 6, 7), while using the area data as given in NIS Estonia (2014).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…6) Sum of emissions from "drained forested" (see Table 7). 7) Vasander et al (2003) stated that 70% of the peatlands of Estonia are drained, with 49% for forestry, 42% for agriculture and 9.5% for Peat extraction. Ilomets (2005), Remm (2015) estimated "that 82% of existing peatland forests have been historically drained a nd as result over 300 x 10³ ha of drained forest has been transformed to the decayed peat type."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peatlands and Climate in a Ramsar context

Barthelmes¹,

Couwenberg²,

Risager³

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peatlands and Climate in a Ramsar context

Barthelmes¹,

Couwenberg²,

Risager³

et al. 2015

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“…Peatlands are widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere covering 5-30 % of national land areas in northern Europe, North America and Russia and play a key role in the global carbon (C) cycle (Gorham, 1991;Joosten and Clarke, 2002;Vasander et al, 2003;Charman et al, 2013). Throughout the Holocene, northern peatlands have accumulated ∼ 270-450 Gt C as peat and presently store about a third of the global soil C pool (Gorham, 1991;Turunen et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of water table level on annual carbon and greenhouse gas balances of a restored peat extraction area

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Peatland restoration may provide a potential afteruse option to mitigate the negative climate impact of abandoned peat extraction areas; currently, however, knowledge about restoration effects on the annual balances of carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) exchanges is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of contrasting mean water table levels (WTLs) on the annual C and GHG balances of restoration treatments with high (Res H ) and low (Res L ) WTL relative to an unrestored bare peat (BP) site. Measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes were conducted over a full year using the closed chamber method and complemented by measurements of abiotic controls and vegetation cover. Three years following restoration, the difference in the mean WTL resulted in higher bryophyte and lower vascular plant cover in Res H relative to Res L . Consequently, greater gross primary production and autotrophic respiration associated with greater vascular plant cover were observed in Res L compared to Res H . However, the means of the measured net ecosystem CO 2 exchanges (NEE) were not significantly different between Res H and Res L . Similarly, no significant differences were observed in the respective means of CH 4 and N 2 O exchanges. In comparison to the two restored sites, greater net CO 2 , similar CH 4 and greater N 2 O emissions occurred in BP. On the annual scale, Res H , Res L and BP were C sources of 111, 103 and 268 g C m −2 yr −1 and had positive GHG balances of 4.1, 3.8 and 10.2 t CO 2 eq ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. Thus, the different WTLs had a limited impact on the C and GHG balances in the two restored treatments 3 years following restoration. However, the C and GHG balances in Res H and Res L were considerably lower than in BP due to the large reduction in CO 2 emissions. This study therefore suggests that restoration may serve as an effective method to mitigate the negative climate impacts of abandoned peat extraction areas.

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“…Thus restoration potentially has effects on the quality of water that flows out of the peatland and consequently on the receiving water bodies. Detrimental effects have been observed, for example by Vasander et al (2003), who reported increased export of PO 4 from a restored buffer zone, and Sallantaus (2004), who reported an increase in P concentration from 10 to 160 µg l −1 in a lake whose catchment included 30% of restored peatlands. Nieminen et al (2005) reported elevated concentration of DOC in runoff from a forestry-drained peatlands restored for a forestry buffer.…”

Section: Restoration Of Forestry-drained Peatlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics

Koskinen

2016

Diss. For.

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3Koskinen M. (2016). Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics. Dissertationes Forestales 232, 36p. http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.232In this study, the effects of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on the nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics of the restored sites are explored. The study consists of four sub-studies. Two of the sub-studies are concerned with the effects on water quality and export of elements of restoration and were conducted on a catchment scale. One of the studies was conducted in the laboratory, and assessed the release of elements from peat samples under anaerobic inundation simulating the effects of a rising water table after restoration or logging. The fourth study was again a field study, in which the differences in methane emissions between undrained, drained and restored spruce swamp forests were assessed. In all, 24 different pristine, drained and restored sites are featured in the study, one site being present in two of the sub-studies.The results indicate potentially large effects of restoration especially on the nutrient rich spruce-dominated sites, which had the highest restoration-induced increases in organic carbon and nutrient exports in the catchment studies, and which also exhibited high methane emissions after restoration, higher than in the undrained or drained state. The results should prompt research into the techniques applied in restoration of such sites and into the processes which lie behind these large effects. After that I had a period of several years of no chance to work on the PhD project, during which I was given the chance to work on greenhouse gas measurement methodology by Dr. Kari Minkkinen. Under his supervision I learned programming, gas measurements, statistics and scientific writing. I also worked with Dr. Paavo Ojanen from the department, as well as with Dr. Annalea Lohila from the Finnish Meteorological Institute. Great times were had. Thank you for tolerating my temperament during the field work, and Paavo especially for all the conversations over the years.The good will of Prof. Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, now in the University of Eastern Finland, was instrumental for the methane study. I also want to thank our field workers, Jyri Mikkola, Mirkka Kotiaho, Janne Sormunen and Salli Uljas. Dr. Liisa Maanavilja provided insight on the sites. PhD candidate Maija Lampela assisted me with topographical measurements in the field.When it seemed improbable that I could ever make a thesis on the water quality effects of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands, Dr. Mika Nieminen from the Natural Resources Institute (then METLA) got a grant from the Maj and Tor Nessling foundation to do just that, and asked me if I would be the N.N. for whose work the funds had been granted. I said yes, and haven't regretted it. He has taught me a lot on getting work published. I have also had the opportunity to work with PhD candidate Annu Kaila, whose painstaking laboratory work and theo...

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Cited by 176 publications

References 26 publications

Peatlands and Climate in a Ramsar context

Peatlands and Climate in a Ramsar context

Impact of water table level on annual carbon and greenhouse gas balances of a restored peat extraction area

Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics

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