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Flood, Danna M.; Weiss, Noel S.; Cook, Linda S.; Emerson, Julia; Schwartz, Stephen M.; Potter, John D.

doi:10.1023/a:1008955722425

Cited by 155 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our findings confirm past observations of substantially higher rates in foreign-born Japanese than Non-Hispanic Whites (74.6 vs. 52.8 per 100,000, respectively, in our study). Our results are in line with those of some (16) but not all (34) previous studies. In the latter study, unknown birthplace was imputed assuming the distribution for cases with known birthplace, which may bias the estimates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Previous studies have shown that invasive CRC incidence rates are usually but not always higher among Asian-Americans than in Asia (34,35). This general pattern is consistent with our observation of significantly higher CRC rates among US-born Filipinos and US-born Chinese men relative to their foreign-born counterparts, but is not consistent with our observations of similar rates between US-born and foreign-born Chinese women, and higher rates among foreign-born than US-born Japanese women and men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Asian Populations in California: Effect of Nativity and Neighborhood-Level Factors

Ladabaum

Clarke

Press

et al. 2014

American Journal of Gastroenterology

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OBJECTIVES Heritable and environmental factors may contribute to differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence across populations. We capitalized on the resources of the California Cancer Registry (CCR) and California’s diverse Asian population to perform a cohort study exploring the relationships between CRC incidence, nativity, and neighborhood-level factors across Asian subgroups. METHODS We identified CRC cases in the CCR from 1990 to 2004 and calculated age-adjusted CRC incidence rates for non-Hispanic Whites and US-born vs. foreign-born Asian ethnic subgroups, stratified by neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and “ethnic enclave.” Trends were studied with joinpoint analysis. RESULTS CRC incidence was lowest among foreign-born South Asians (22.0/100,000; 95% confidence interval (CI): 19.7–24.5/100,000) and highest among foreign-born Japanese (74.6/100,000; 95% CI: 70.1–79.2/100,000). Women in all Asian subgroups except Japanese, and men in all Asian subgroups except Japanese and US-born Chinese, had lower CRC incidence than non-Hispanic Whites. Among Chinese men and Filipino women and men, CRC incidence was lower among foreign-born than US-born persons; the opposite was observed for Japanese women and men. Among non-Hispanic Whites, but not most Asian subgroups, CRC incidence decreased over time. CRC incidence was inversely associated with neighborhood SES among non-Hispanic Whites, and level of ethnic enclave among Asians. CONCLUSIONS CRC incidence rates differ substantially across Asian subgroups in California. The significant associations between CRC incidence and nativity and residence in an ethnic enclave suggest a substantial effect of acquired environmental factors. The absence of declines in CRC incidence rates among most Asians during our study period may point to disparities in screening compared with Whites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Asian Populations in California: Effect of Nativity and Neighborhood-Level Factors

Ladabaum

Clarke

Press

et al. 2014

American Journal of Gastroenterology

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“…This may be due in part to the greater availability of CRC screening in the United States compared with in some Asian countries that cannot afford to screen all those at risk [17]. Higher exposure to high-fat diets in Asian Americans may also contribute to higher prevalence of adenoma along with the risk of CRC [9,11,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, Asian countries have reported lower incidence of CRC compared with their Western counterparts, but the incidence of CRC has been rapidly increasing in many Asian countries [2][3][4]. Asian ethnic populations in the United States also appear to have higher incidence of CRC compared with Asian populations in Asian countries [5][6][7][8] and descendants of migrants who move from low-to high-risk regions appear to acquire higher rates of CRC [9]. Dietary and behavioral risk factors may be responsible for some of these differences [4,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasms in Asian Americans

Lam

Garcia²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2008

Dig Dis Sci

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“…It has also been observed that migrants to developed countries tend to acquire the higher risk of cancer of their host country [3]. Further, the rates for second-generation migrants can be double that of the first [6]. It may be reasonable, therefore, to describe these diseases, including colorectal cancer, as diseases of civilization in which a number of acquired risk factors associated with civilization are implicated.…”

Section: Epidemiology: Civilization and Colorectal Cancer Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Colon Cancer: A Civilization Disorder

Watson¹,

Collins²

2011

Dig Dis

230

152

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Colorectal cancer arises in individuals with acquired or inherited genetic predisposition who are exposed to a range of risk factors. Many of these risk factors are associated with affluent Western societies. More than 95% of colorectal cancers are sporadic, arising in individuals without a significant hereditary risk. Geographic variation in the incidence of colorectal cancer is considerable with a higher incidence observed in the West. Environmental factors contribute substantially to this variation. A number of these risk factors are associated with a Western lifestyle and could be considered a product of ‘civilization’. Recently, smoking has been recognized as a risk factor. Energy consumption also influences colorectal cancer risk, with obesity increasing risk and exercise reducing risk. However, the strongest contribution to environmental risk for colorectal cancer is dietary. Consumption of fat, alcohol and red meat is associated with an increased risk. Fresh fruit and vegetables and dietary fibre may be protective. Much has been learnt recently about the molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer always arises in the context of genomic instability. There is inactivation of the tumour suppressor genes adenomatous polyposis coli, p53, transforming growth factor-β, activation of oncogene pathways including K-ras, and activation of the cyclooxygenase-2, epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor pathways. The mechanisms by which some environmental factors modify the mutation risk in these pathways have been described.

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Abstract: These findings suggest that one or more exposures or characteristics that differ between Japanese migrants and their descendants affect the development of colorectal cancer.

Cited by 155 publications

References 25 publications

Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Asian Populations in California: Effect of Nativity and Neighborhood-Level Factors

Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Asian Populations in California: Effect of Nativity and Neighborhood-Level Factors

Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasms in Asian Americans

Colon Cancer: A Civilization Disorder

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