3D Stereolithography of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Orientated Nanoclay

Eng, H.; Maleksaeedi, Saeed; Yu, Suzhu; Choong, Yu Ying Clarrisa; Wiria, Florencia Edith; Tan, Chanjuan; Su, Pei-Chen; Wei, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2018.02.080

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…4,9,10 Apart from carbon materials, other inorganic particles (nanoclay, aluminum oxide nanowires, sepiolite nanofibers, TiO 2 , and SiO 2 ) have also been incorporated into the stereolithography process. 11−13 These reports suggest that the incorporation of fillers in photoreactive resins is a promising means to improve the mechanical properties of the SLA-printed products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereolithography 3D Printing of Lignin-Reinforced Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Zhang

Hao

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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Due to the availability, biodegradability, and biological effects, lignin has emerged as an interesting alternative to petroleum-based compounds for developing sustainable chemicals, materials, and composites. In this study, lignin at various concentrations was incorporated into methacrylate resin via solution blending to fabricate lignin-reinforced composites using stereolithography apparatus three-dimensional printing. Softwood kraft lignin in the amounts of 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0 wt % in the methacrylate resin was used as a printing ink, and the gel contents and relative contents of the residual resin in the printed samples with various lignin concentrations were measured. The effects of the lignin on the ultimate mechanical properties of the non-postcured and postcured printed composites were determined. The tensile testing results revealed that the incorporation of lignin in the composite increased the tensile strength by 46–64% and Young’s modulus by 13–37% for the postcured printed composites compared with that of the control sample (no lignin added). Employing a 0.4 wt % softwood kraft lignin, the tensile strength of the postcured printed composite reached the highest value of 49.0 MPa, which was a 60% increase in comparison to that of the control sample with 30.7 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy images of the fracture samples illustrated that the lignin-incorporated composites exhibited a rougher fracture surface that can presumably dissipate the stress, which could be a contributing factor for the mechanical enhancement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereolithography 3D Printing of Lignin-Reinforced Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Zhang

Hao

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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“…Resins used in stereolithography are thermosetting plastics, engineered to cure when receiving energy typically from a laser beam or ultraviolet rays [3]. The thermoset nature of stereolithography fabricated parts, with a high crosslink density, results in brittle fracture with low elongation properties [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

et al. 2019

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In this study, lignin has been extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers via an organosolv process. The organosolv lignin obtained was defined by the presence of hydroxyl-containing molecules, such as guaiacyl and syringyl, and by the presence of phenolic molecules in lignin. Subsequently, the extracted organosolv lignin and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were utilized as filler and reinforcement in photo-curable polyurethane (PU), which is used in stereolithography 3D printing. The compatibility as well as the characteristic and structural changes of the composite were identified through the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed composites. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the composited lignin and graphene shows significant improvement as high as 27%. The hardness of the photo-curable PU composites measured by nanoindentation exhibited an enormous improvement for 0.6% of lignin-graphene at 92.49 MPa with 238% increment when compared with unmodified PU.

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“…Eng et al developed polymer composites reinforced with oriented nanoclay through a 3D stereolithography (SL) technique [54]. The exfoliation of montmorillonite nanoclays, the homogeneous dispersion of nanoclays into the photopolymer by mixing, the orientation of nanoclays in layers by a bottom-up SL, and the immobilization of nanoclays by photopolymerization upon UV exposure were carried out.…”

Section: Solvent Free Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Chemistry Approach for Fabrication of Polymer Composites

Joseph

Krishnan

Kavil

et al. 2021

Sustainable Chemistry

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Solvents are an inevitable part of industries. They are widely used in manufacturing and processing industries. Despite the numerous controlling measures taken, solvents contaminate our environment to a vast extent. Green and sustainable solvents have been a matter of growing interest within the research community over the past few years due to the increasing environmental concerns. Solvents are categorized as “green” based on their nonvolatility, nonflammability, availability, biodegradability and so on. The use of ionic liquids, super critical carbon dioxide and aqueous solvents for the fabrication of polymer composites is discussed in this review. The progress of utilizing solvent-free approaches for polymer composite preparation and efforts to produce new biobased solvents are also summarized.

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3D Stereolithography of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Orientated Nanoclay

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Stereolithography 3D Printing of Lignin-Reinforced Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Stereolithography 3D Printing of Lignin-Reinforced Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

Green Chemistry Approach for Fabrication of Polymer Composites

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