3D‐Printed Graphene Oxide Framework with Thermal Shock Synthesized Nanoparticles for Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Abstract

Li‐CO2 batteries have emerged as a promising energy storage technology due to their high theoretical energy density. A thick electrode design is an effective approach for further increasing the energy density on device level by decreasing the weight and volume ratios of inactive materials. Exploring and designing novel thick electrodes with high catalytic activity toward reversible reaction between lithium and carbon dioxide are key challenges to achieve a low charge overpotential, long cycling stability, and high rate performance. Herein, an ultrathick electrode (≈0.4 mm) design for Li‐CO2 batteries by anchoring ultrafine Ni nanoparticles (≈5 nm) on a 3D‐printed reduced graphene oxide framework via thermal shock (1900 K for 54 ms) is demonstrated. The cathode displays low overpotential of 1.05 V at 100 mA g−1, high cycling stability of over 100 cycles, and good rate capability (up to 1000 mA g−1). In particular, a high areal capacity of 14.6 mA h cm−2 can be achieved due to the thick electrode design and uniform distribution of ultrafine catalyst nanoparticles. The strategy of combining an advanced 3D printing technique with fast thermal shock represents a promising direction toward thick electrode design in energy storage devices that are not limited to Li‐CO2 batteries.

A High‐Rate Li–CO2 Battery Enabled by 2D Medium‐Entropy Catalyst

“…Both the gravimetric current density and the capacity were improved significantly with an achieved current density of 5–50 times and a capacity of 5–100 times compared to other works. [ 20,25,27,28,40–62 ] The areal current density and the capacity were also enhanced compared to literature, [ 23,26,63,64 ] as shown in Figure S15 (Supporting Information).…”

3D Printed Template-Assisted Assembly of Additive-Free Ti3C2Tx MXene Microlattices with Customized Structures toward High Areal Capacitance

“…(k and l) The corresponding magnification SEM images of the beam of 3D Na-MXene. (m) Comparison of the present work with those reported in the literature regarding ink concentration and minimum manufacture precision, such as Ti 3 C 2 T x architectures, MXene MSCs, CNT/rGO composite electrode, sulfur copolymer–graphene architecture, Ni/r-GO framework, 3D-printed graphene aerogel, 3D-printed graphene composite aerogel, 3D G aerogel/MnO 2 , LFP/CNT/CMC, polypyrrole (PPy)-coated graphene aerogel, CNT/GO composite aerogel . (n) Optical images illustrating the dynamic contact angle test on 3D architected MXene aerogel, revealing super hydrophilic properties.…”

“…Impressively, as shown in Figure m (specific values summarized in Table S1), this 3D printed template-assisted method is competent to attain high-resolution features with the smallest feature size on the order of 50 μm (diameter of micropore in briquette structure, Figure j, and the diameter of beam size of the octet truss structure, Figure S12). The feature size is much finer than those of previously reported extrusion-based 2D materials aerogels (>100 μm). ,,− Compared with the typical extrusion-based 3D printing technology, our method has a limited restriction on ink concentrations (>5 mg mL –1 ); even the aqueous additive-free Ti 3 C 2 T x solution with a concentration below 10 mg mL –1 is applicable.…”

Tuning electronic and composition effects in ruthenium-copper alloy nanoparticles anchored on carbon nanofibers for rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries

“…4b and c), respectively. The discharge voltage at 2000 mA g -1 still reach to 2.62 V, representing the best rate capability ever reported [13,23,40]. By contrast, the discharge voltages of Li-CO2 battery based on monometallic Ru/CNFs decrease drastically as current density was increased to 1500 mA g -1 , which further drop to cutoff voltage of 2 V when current density is 2000 mA g -1 (Fig.…”