3D-printed bioactive and biodegradable hydrogel scaffolds of alginate/gelatin/cellulose nanocrystals for tissue engineering

Dutta, Sayan Deb; Hexiu, Jin; Patel, Dinesh Kumar; Ganguly, Keya; Lim, Ki-Taek

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.011

Cited by 145 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The validation of the printed pieces was carried out by measuring their dimensions and comparing them with those on the CAD design. In this context, according to criteria described by many authors [27][28][29], an integrity factor was determined by comparing the thickness of the printed piece and the developed model. Additionally, different measurements of the length and width of the CAD model of the dog bone shape were taken as reference in order to analyze the deviations of the printed pieces compared with the CAD model.…”

Section: Diw 3d Printing Of Prepared Inksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Waterborne Polyurethane–Urea Ink for Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing

Vadillo

Larraza²,

Calvo‐Correas³

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, polycaprolactone–polyethylene glycol (PCL–PEG) based waterborne polyurethane–urea (WBPUU) inks have been developed for an extrusion-based 3D printing technology. The WBPUU, synthesized from an optimized ratio of hydrophobic polycaprolactone diol and hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (0.2:0.8) in the soft segment, is able to form a physical gel at low solid contents. WBPUU inks with different solid contents have been synthesized. The rheology of the prepared systems was studied and the WBPUUs were subsequently used in the printing of different pieces to demonstrate the relationship between their rheological properties and their printing viability, establishing an optimal window of compositions for the developed WBPUU based inks. The results showed that the increase in solid content results in more structured inks, presenting a higher storage modulus as well as lower tan δ values, allowing for the improvement of the ink’s shape fidelity. However, an increase in solid content also leads to an increase in the yield point and viscosity, leading to printability limitations. From among all printable systems, the WBPUU with a solid content of 32 wt% is proposed to be the more suitable ink for a successful printing performance, presenting both adequate printability and good shape fidelity, which leads to the realization of a recognizable and accurate 3D construct and an understanding of its relationship with rheological parameters.

show abstract

Section: Diw 3d Printing Of Prepared Inksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Waterborne Polyurethane–Urea Ink for Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing

Vadillo

Larraza²,

Calvo‐Correas³

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since natural polymers offer very similar advantages to natural ECM, these ECM-like polymers, such as alginate, chitosan, gelatin, etc., have been widely used as biomaterials for the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds [ 5 , 6 ]. Alginate is a natural anionic polysaccharide extracted from brown algae and various bacteria [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Evaluation of Alginate/Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals–Chitosan–Gelatin Composite Scaffolds

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is common knowledge that pure alginate hydrogel is more likely to have weak mechanical strength, a lack of cell recognition sites, extensive swelling and uncontrolled degradation, and thus be unable to satisfy the demands of the ideal scaffold. To address these problems, we attempted to fabricate alginate/bacterial cellulose nanocrystals-chitosan-gelatin (Alg/BCNs-CS-GT) composite scaffolds using the combined method involving the incorporation of BCNs in the alginate matrix, internal gelation through the hydroxyapatite-d-glucono-δ-lactone (HAP-GDL) complex, and layer-by-layer (LBL) electrostatic assembly of polyelectrolytes. Meanwhile, the effect of various contents of BCNs on the scaffold morphology, porosity, mechanical properties, and swelling and degradation behavior was investigated. The experimental results showed that the fabricated Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds exhibited regular 3D morphologies and well-developed pore structures. With the increase in BCNs content, the pore size of Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds was gradually reduced from 200 μm to 70 μm. Furthermore, BCNs were fully embedded in the alginate matrix through the intermolecular hydrogen bond with alginate. Moreover, the addition of BCNs could effectively control the swelling and biodegradation of the Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxicity studies indicated that the porous fiber network of BCNs could fully mimic the extracellular matrix structure, which promoted the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells and MC3T3-E1 cells on the Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds. In addition, these cells could grow in the 3D-porous structure of composite scaffolds, which exhibited good proliferative viability. Based on the effect of BCNs on the cytocompatibility of composite scaffolds, the optimum BCNs content for the Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds was 0.2% (w/v). On the basis of good merits, such as regular 3D morphology, well-developed pore structure, controlled swelling and biodegradation behavior, and good cytocompatibility, the Alg/BCNs-CS-GT composite scaffolds may exhibit great potential as the ideal scaffold in the bone tissue engineering field.

show abstract

“…The morphology of the SCAPs was evaluated by uorescence microscopy as described earlier. 19,28 The gel surface was briey washed twice by 1Â warm PBS, followed by xation with 3.7% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 10-15 min. Aer that, the cells were permeabilized by 100% ice-cold methanol (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) for 5 min and blocked with 1% BSA for 1 h. Aer blocking, the gels were washed twice by warm PBS and stained with Alexa-Flour 555-conjugated F-actin probe for 30 min at dark.…”

Section: Assessment Of Cell Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D printing technique offers a unique micro/nano-structure by using solid or semi-solid structures created by fused deposition (FDM) or direct-ink writing (DIW) methods compared to the conventional hydrogel scaffolds lacking precise control over 3D shape, inner structure, and spatial distribution of different cell types. 19,20 3D bioprinting technology has been used in biomedical research for constructing various biomimetic objects, including organs and tissues, customized implants (orthopedic implants), and various surgical implants. 21 In particular, the 3D printed smart constructs are widely used pharmaceutical research for studying cellular behavior, drug delivery, toxicological studies, and many others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%