2008
DOI: 10.1121/1.2933754
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3D localization of acoustic sources with a spherical array

Abstract: This paper describes a technique dedicated for the localization of acoustic sources in all directions and in the farfield. Classical beamforming techniques based on planar arrays provide an acoustic map restricted to a limited solid angle, but a spherical array does not have such a limitation since there is no preferential direction. In the processing called Spherical Harmonics Beamforming (SHB), the sound field on the sphere is decomposed with spherical harmonics functions, and then a corrected summation give… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…They make it possible to resolve waves traveling in any direction, whereas this is not necessarily the case for conventional planar arrays. 10,11 Spherical microphone arrays are widely used for sound source localization, [12][13][14] sound field reproduction-to capture sound fields that can be reproduced with an array of loudspeakers, [15][16][17][18] and sound field analysis and reconstruction. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The use of rigid spherical microphone arrays for reconstructing sound fields has been the subject of several studies, [20][21][22][23][24] which employ a spherical harmonic expansion to provide a full representation of the sound field (sound pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They make it possible to resolve waves traveling in any direction, whereas this is not necessarily the case for conventional planar arrays. 10,11 Spherical microphone arrays are widely used for sound source localization, [12][13][14] sound field reproduction-to capture sound fields that can be reproduced with an array of loudspeakers, [15][16][17][18] and sound field analysis and reconstruction. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The use of rigid spherical microphone arrays for reconstructing sound fields has been the subject of several studies, [20][21][22][23][24] which employ a spherical harmonic expansion to provide a full representation of the sound field (sound pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…联立式 (12)、 (17)、 (18) Hz 时的识别成像图,图 3a~3c 对应 SHB 方法,图 3d~3f 对应 ESHB 方法, 设定的聚焦距离也为 1 m。 各图中均在真实声源位置出现幅值较高的主瓣声学 中心,声源被准确定位,且随频率增高,主瓣变窄, 这主要是由于主瓣宽度反比于截断长度,而截断长 度与频率正相关 [8][9][10][11] 的缘故,说明球阵列波束形成 具有 "高频好空间分辨率" 特性。 1 000 Hz、 3 000 Hz、 5 000 Hz 时,根据式 (12) …”
Section: Shb:球谐函数波束形成理论unclassified
“…小识别声源。声源在传声器阵列中心产生的声压通 常被定义为声压贡献 [5][6] , 将其作为波束形成的输出 量来量化声源具有重要意义,不仅能为各声源贡献 量的排序评价提供依据,而且是进行声品质分析成 像、评价接受者主观感受的前提 [7] 。平面阵列延迟 求和波束形成已能够基于声压贡献识别声源 [5][6] 。 受自由场假设条件及传声器布置的限制,平面 阵列波束形成仅能识别阵列前方有限区域内的声 源 [8] 。相比而言,新型实心球阵列波束形成阵列旋 转对称性好、声场信息记录全面,阵列衍射作用强、 记录信号信噪比高,能够同时识别入射噪声和反射 噪声、实现任意三维声学环境的完整测量和全方位 声学成像,近年来,已被广泛应用于诸如汽车驾驶 室、飞机机舱等内场噪声源识别领域 [8][9][10][11][12][13] 。自 2002 年美国 MH Acoustics 的 JENS 等 [14] 给出实心球阵列 波束形成以来,该技术一直备受国内外学者关注, 至今仍方兴未艾。例如,2013 年,刘月婵等 [15] 研究 了高精度高分辨率的球阵列聚焦定位方法;2014 年, JIN 等 [16] 研究了多半径球阵列的优化设计方法; 同年,LEGG 等 [17] 还研究了三维聚焦声源面的自动 生成技术。球阵列采用球谐函数波束形成(Spherical harmonics beamforming, SHB)方法 [8][9][10][11] [8][9][10][11]14] , 而真实识别对象是凹凸不平的复杂三维结构,这必 然使聚焦距离不完全等于各声源到阵列中心的真实 距离,揭示该现象对声压贡献计算的影响规律,对 实际应用具有重要指导意义。 事实上,任意复杂的实际声源都可以等效为由 若干个密集分布的点声源组合而成 [18][19] 。因此,本 文基于单极子点声源球面波假设, 推导出 SHB 在声 源位置输出量的理论表达式,在此基础上,引入声 压贡献修正系数,提出能够计算各声源声压贡献的 球谐函数波束形成扩展方法,进一步,基于单声源、 不相干声源、相干声源的数值仿真和试验验证所给 方法的正确性和有效性,研究聚焦距离不等于声源 到阵列中心的真实距离时该方法的准确性。 1 球阵列波束形成声压贡献计算理论…”
unclassified
“…Spherical beamforming [19] is a special version of acoustic beamforming applied in acoustic camera. It is based on the use of spherical microphone array.…”
Section: Some Research Challenges Of Acoustic Cameramentioning
confidence: 99%