3D electrogenerated chemiluminescence: from surface-confined reactions to bulk emission

Abstract

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence is extended to the 3D by generating light at the level of millions of micro-emitters addressed remotely by bipolar electrochemistry.

Light‐Driven Bipolar Electrochemical Logic Gates with Electrical or Optical Outputs

“…Bipolar electrochemistry is a general phenomenon used to trigger electrochemical reactions on the surface of conductive objects without the need for contacting them with electrical wires . It is currently attracting a strong interest in the fields of materials science, analytical chemistry, motion generation and seawater desalination . The development of devices allowing signal computation in fluidic and chemical systems is also of particular scientific interest, with a focus on molecular, microfluidic and electrochemical systems .…”

Dual‐Color Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence from Dispersions of Conductive Microbeads Addressed by Bipolar Electrochemistry

“…Both the versatility and the sensitivity of ECL are thus intrinsically limited by its two‐dimensional geometry. We recently showed how to overcome this limitation by generating ECL simultaneously at thousands of conductive carbon microbeads or CNTs dispersed in solution and individually addressed by BPE . The generation of a sufficient electric field allowed ECL of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ to occur at micro‐ and nano‐objects homogeneously dispersed in the bulk, thus leading to an homogeneous 3D emission.…”

Plasmonic Imaging of the Interfacial Potential Distribution on Bipolar Electrodes

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Bipolar electrochemistry is based on the gradient distribution of free-electron density along an electrically isolated electrode,w hich causes ap ositive electrode potential at one end and an egative potential at the other,a llowing for wide applications in analytical chemistry and materials science. [5,6] Although direct electrical recording is able to quantitatively study the charge flow in bipolar electrodes, [7] optical probes have been the major readout format to take full advantage of its wireless and high-throughput features.p Hi ndicators [3] and fluorescence (FL) [8] and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) [9][10][11] reagents are the most commonly used optical probes to visualize the electrochemical reactions occurring on the bipolar electrodes.Fore xample,H + or OH À electrogenerated at the bipolar electrode ends reacts with pH indicators,causing alocal color change at the site of electrochemical reactions. [5,6] Although direct electrical recording is able to quantitatively study the charge flow in bipolar electrodes, [7] optical probes have been the major readout format to take full advantage of its wireless and high-throughput features.p Hi ndicators [3] and fluorescence (FL) [8] and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) [9][10][11] reagents are the most commonly used optical probes to visualize the electrochemical reactions occurring on the bipolar electrodes.

Fore xample,H + or OH À electrogenerated at the bipolar electrode ends reacts with pH indicators,causing alocal color change at the site of electrochemical reactions.

…”

“…[5,6] Although direct electrical recording is able to quantitatively study the charge flow in bipolar electrodes, [7] optical probes have been the major readout format to take full advantage of its wireless and high-throughput features.p Hi ndicators [3] and fluorescence (FL) [8] and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) [9][10][11] reagents are the most commonly used optical probes to visualize the electrochemical reactions occurring on the bipolar electrodes.…”