3D cellular imaging of the cornea with Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy

Canavesi, Cristina; Cogliati, Andrea; Yoon, Changsik; Mietus, Amanda; Qi, Yue; Stone, Jonathon J.; Hindman, Holly B.; Rolland, Jannick P.

doi:10.1117/12.2507868

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This limitation originated from the short working distance of the GD-OCM probe, which hindered the ability to image a donor cornea through its cornea storage container. However, this inability has been recently surmounted using the GD-OCM probe with a working distance of 15 mm, 35 developed by LighTopTech Co., Rochester, New York. Third, the area of the cellular analysis did not cover the entire field of view of

provided by the GD-OCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative assessment of human donor corneal endothelium with Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy

Yoon

Mietus

et al. 2019

J. Biomed. Opt.

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We report on a pathway for Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy (GD-OCM)-based metrology to assess the donor's corneal endothelial layers ex vivo. Six corneas from the Lions Eye Bank at Albany and Rochester were imaged with GD-OCM. The raw 3-D images of the curved corneas were flattened using custom software to enhance the 2-D visualization of endothelial cells (ECs); then the ECs within a circle of 500-μmdiameter were analyzed using a custom corner method and a cell counting plugin in ImageJ. The EC number, EC area, endothelial cell density (ECD), and polymegethism (CV) were quantified in five different locations for each cornea. The robustness of the method (defined as the repeatability of measurement together with interoperator variability) was evaluated by independently repeating the entire ECD measurement procedure six times by three different examiners. The results from the six corneas show that the current modality reproduces the ECDs with a standard deviation of 2.3% of the mean ECD in every location, whereas the mean ECD across five locations varies by 5.1%. The resolution and imaging area provided through the use of GD-OCM may help to ultimately better assess the quality of donor corneas in transplantation.

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provided by the GD-OCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fusion of multiple imaging volumes at different depths 32 and high-speed parallel processing 33 provides a 3-D volumetric GD-OCM image with an uncompromised resolution. GD-OCM has successfully revealed the morphologies of human corneas 34 – 36 with a

isotropic resolution over a millimeter range imaging depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of human donor corneal endothelium with Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy

Yoon

Mietus

et al. 2019

J. Biomed. Opt.

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“…Various diseases that cause disruption of the cellular network, such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cervical dysplasia, can be assessed, such as in Figure 7a,d. Various measurements can be conducted on the 3D GDOCM images to extract relevant parameters, such as quantifying the thicknesses of various sublayers of the tissue, and estimating the cell density [76].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Years of Gabor-Domain Optical Coherence Microscopy

Canavesi

Rolland

2019

Applied Sciences

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Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy (GDOCM) is a high-definition imaging technique leveraging principles of low-coherence interferometry, liquid lens technology, high-speed imaging, and precision scanning. GDOCM achieves isotropic 2 μm resolution in 3D, effectively breaking the cellular resolution limit of optical coherence tomography (OCT). In the ten years since its introduction, GDOCM has been used for cellular imaging in 3D in a number of clinical applications, including dermatology, oncology and ophthalmology, as well as to characterize materials in industrial applications. Future developments will enhance the structural imaging capability of GDOCM by adding functional modalities, such as fluorescence and elastography, by estimating thicknesses on the nano-scale, and by incorporating machine learning techniques.

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“…GDOCM was previously used with contact imaging modality to produce 3D images of corneal tissue with isotropic resolution of

. 30 – 34 Manual counting of endothelial cells from 180 GDOCM images (six repeated images at five different locations on six corneas) yielded repeatability under 2.3% for six repeated images at each location. 32 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unbiased corneal tissue analysis using Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy and machine learning for automatic segmentation of corneal endothelial cells

2020

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. Significance: An accurate, automated, and unbiased cell counting procedure is needed for tissue selection for corneal transplantation. Aim: To improve accuracy and reduce bias in endothelial cell density (ECD) quantification by combining Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy (GDOCM) for three-dimensional, wide field-of-view ( ) corneal imaging and machine learning for automatic delineation of endothelial cell boundaries. Approach: Human corneas stored in viewing chambers were imaged over a wide field-of-view with GDOCM without contacting the specimens. Numerical methods were applied to compensate for the natural curvature of the cornea and produce an image of the flattened endothelium. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to automatically delineate the cell boundaries using 180 manually annotated images from six corneas. Ten additional corneas were imaged with GDOCM and compared with specular microscopy (SM) to determine performance of the combined GDOCM and CNN to achieve automated endothelial counts relative to current procedural standards. Results: Cells could be imaged over a larger area with GDOCM than SM, and more cells could be delineated via automatic cell segmentation than via manual methods. ECD obtained from automatic cell segmentation of GDOCM images yielded a correlation of 0.94 ( ) with the manual segmentation on the same images, and correlation of 0.91 ( ) with the corresponding manually counted SM results. Conclusions: Automated endothelial cell counting on GDOCM images with large field of view eliminates selection bias and reduces sampling error, which both affect the gold standard of manual counting on SM images.

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3D cellular imaging of the cornea with Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative assessment of human donor corneal endothelium with Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy

Quantitative assessment of human donor corneal endothelium with Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy

Ten Years of Gabor-Domain Optical Coherence Microscopy

Unbiased corneal tissue analysis using Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy and machine learning for automatic segmentation of corneal endothelial cells

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