3D architected temperature-tolerant organohydrogels with ultra-tunable energy absorption

Abstract

HighlightsThe first fabrication of 3D architected organohydrogels by Digital Light Processing Two-step toughening effect of organohydrogels by metal coordination and hydrogen bonding 3D structures achieved ultra-tunable range of specific energy absorption up to 5000 x 3D architected organohydrogels were demonstrated as tunable impact attenuators

Digital Mechanical Metamaterial: Encoding Mechanical Information with Graphical Stiffness Pattern for Adaptive Soft Machines

“…In this context, other approaches have integrated stimuli‐responsive smart materials such as shape memory polymers (SMPs), [ 25 ] liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), [ 26 ] magnetorheological fluids, [ 27 ] and phase‐changing materials [ 11,28 ] to provide metamaterials with more diversified in situ programmable functionalities. These reconfigurable mechanical metamaterials can change their physical properties, such as shapes, [ 29 ] curvatures, [ 11 ] and stiffness [ 21 ] under external stimuli. However, still they usually have limited mechanical capability to perform under different situations that require strategic and timely adjustments in functionality, due to the inherently limited stable physical states (or memory) of the smart materials.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] One promising approach toward programmable systems is to use mechanical metamaterials, a class of artificially designed material that gains global scale mechanical properties from the local scale structural patterns, which have shown great capabilities to enable various exotic physical properties such as programmable shape-shifting, [11][12][13][14][15] negative and alternating Poisson's ratio, [16,17] tunable stress-strain curve, [18][19][20] and tunable impact energy absorption. [21] However, these exhibited features are often specifically programmed during the design stage and cannot be reprogrammed postfabrication to accommodate a range of tasks. While some mechanical metamaterials are designed to reversibly go between different configurations using interchangeable bistable and multistable geometries, [22][23][24] the achievable properties are highly constrained by the prescribed design and may use structures that are not scalable and cannot serve as a building block of a multifunctional mechanical metamaterial.…”