Systematic review and meta-analysis of the susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection

Kabrah, Saeed; Kabrah, Ahmed; Flemban, Arwa; Abuzerr, Samer

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2021.103169

Cited by 31 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Previous work has demonstrated that ABO allele frequencies and distributions of the ABO gene can be appropriate indices for investigating vulnerability to certain infections or disease severity following infections, including SARS-CoV-1 [ 6 ]. Correspondingly, recent studies have identified correlations between ABO blood group phenotypes and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as susceptibility to severe ICU-requiring COVID-19 disease [ 14 – 20 ]. Hence, we sought to explore these trends among the population in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort

Jawdat

Hajeer

Massadeh

et al. 2022

J Epidemiol Glob Health

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Background Disease severity among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 varies remarkably. Preliminary studies reported that the ABO blood group system confers differential viral susceptibility and disease severity caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, differences in ABO blood group phenotypes may partly explain the observed heterogeneity in COVID-19 severity patterns, and could help identify individuals at increased risk. Herein, we explored the association between ABO blood group phenotypes and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in a Saudi Arabian cohort. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we performed ABO typing on a total of 373 Saudi patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and conducted association analysis between ABO blood group phenotype and COVID-19 infection severity. We then performed gender-stratified analysis by dividing the participating patients into two groups by gender, and classified them according to age. Results The frequencies of blood group phenotypes A, B, AB and O were 27.3, 23.6, 5.4 and 43.7%, respectively. We found that blood group phenotype O was associated with a lower risk of testing positive for COVID-19 infection (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.62–0.95, p = 0.0113), while blood group phenotype B was associated with higher odds of testing positive (OR 1.51 95% CI 1.17–1.93, p = 0.0009). However, blood group phenotype B was associated with increased risk in the mild and moderate group but not the severe COVID-19 infection group. Blood group phenotype O was protective in all severity groups. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that blood group phenotype B is a risk for COVID-19 disease while blood group phenotype O is protective from COVID-19 infection. However, further studies are necessary to validate these associations in a larger sample size and among individuals of different ethnic groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort

Jawdat

Hajeer

Massadeh

et al. 2022

J Epidemiol Glob Health

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“…For instance, the identification of a blood group as a risk or prognostic factor may guide individual or collective decisions on vaccination (especially when prioritization is required due to resource constraints) or the use of preventive measures or treatments at an early stage, and it also may suggest novel treatment targets and enhance the design of new studies, introducing this characteristic as a covariate. Since the beginning of the pandemic, numerous studies have been published examining the association of ABO blood group with the risk of COVID‐19 infection or severity, and some reviews have attempted to synthesize this evidence 7–11 . However, they have important limitations and show contrasting and inconclusive results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABO blood group and risk of COVID‐19 infection and complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been emerged as a global health emergency with consequences of magnitude both at health, social, and economy level. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as for May 25, 2021, more than 167,000,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been confirmed, including 3,472,068 deaths. 1 Several risk factors, both modifiable and nonmodifiable, could influence the susceptibility of acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The severity of the symptoms among infected patients varies considerably from being asymptomatic to developing a critical illness with lethal complications, and some genetic and clinical characteristics of patients have been proposed as determinants of poor outcomes. 2 SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for cell entry, and thus it has been suggested that host genetic factors may play a role in susceptibility to COVID-19. According to published evidence, people with ACE2 polymorphism who have type 2 transmembrane serine proteases (TMPRSS2) would be at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, patients possessing HLA-B*15:03 genotype may become immune to the infection. 3

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“…Individuals with blood type A had a lower risk of COVID-19 infection than those with other blood types. [ 13 23 24 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic review meta-analysis has recently shown that the COVID-19 infection rate was more likely to be observed in persons with blood group A > O > B > AB; also, the study indicated substantial variation between observation research that showed a correlation between ABO blood group and COVID-19. [13] . Nevertheless, no significant differences were found in several other observational investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infections: clinico-hematological, radiological, and complications analysis

et al. 2021

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In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, research indicates that the COVID-19 disease susceptibility varies among individuals depending on their ABO blood groups. Researchers globally commenced investigating potential methods to stratify cases according to prognosis depending on several clinical parameters. Since there is evidence of a link between ABO blood groups and disease susceptibility, it could be argued that there is a link between blood groups and disease manifestation and progression. The current study investigates whether clinical manifestation, laboratory, and imaging findings vary among ABO blood groups of hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 patients. This retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021 in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Demographic information, clinical information, laboratory findings, and imaging investigations were extracted from the data warehouse for all confirmed COVID-19 patients. A total of 285 admitted patients were included in the study. Of these, 81 (28.4%) were blood group A, 43 (15.1%) were blood group B, 11 (3.9%) were blood group AB, and 150 (52.6%) were blood group O. This was almost consistent with the distribution of blood groups among the Saudi Arabia community. The majority of the study participants (79.6% [n = 227]) were asymptomatic. The upper respiratory tract infection ( P = .014) and shortness of breath showed statistically significant differences between the ABO blood group ( P = .009). Moreover, the incidence of the symptoms was highly observed in blood group O followed by A then B except for pharyngeal exudate observed in blood group A. The one-way ANOVA test indicated that among the studied hematological parameters, glucose ( P = .004), absolute lymphocyte count ( P = .001), and IgA ( P = .036) showed statistically significant differences between the means of the ABO blood group. The differences in both X-ray and computed tomography scan findings were statistically nonsignificant among the ABO age group. Only 86 (30.3%) patients were admitted to an intensive care unit, and the majority of them were blood groups O 28.7% (n = 43) and A 37.0% (n = 30). However, the differences in complications’ outcomes were statistically nonsignificant among the ABO age group. ABO blood groups among hospitalized COVID-19 patients are not associated with clinical, hematological, radiological, and complications abnormality.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort

Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort

ABO blood group and risk of COVID‐19 infection and complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infections: clinico-hematological, radiological, and complications analysis

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