Effects of brown seaweeds on postprandial glucose, insulin and appetite in humans – A randomized, 3-way, blinded, cross-over meal study

Zaharudin, Nazikussabah; Tullin, Mikkel; Pekmez, Ceyda Tuğba; Sloth, Jens Jørgen; Rasmussen, Rie Romme; Dragsted, Lars Ove

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.08.027

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Clinical studies have shown that whole algae consumption improved a range of metabolic health endpoints [ 2 , 3 ]. Zaharudin et al showed that the consumption of meals comprising two brown seaweeds ( Laminaria digitata and Undaria pinnatifida ) had a lower postprandial glycaemic and insulinemic response and greater satiety compared to an energy-matched meal containing pea protein [ 2 ]. A polyphenol-rich brown seaweed, when consumed for eight weeks, provided a modest decrease in DNA damage but only in study participants that were obese [ 4 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are no clinical trials reporting the health effects of algae, fruit, vegetable, or potato proteins; thus, we rely on preclinical studies to provide some insight. Animal and in vitro studies suggest that algae proteins may have a lower glycaemic response, contribute to appetite control, improved liver function (in NAFLD), and have antioxidant, anti-tumour, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties [ 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. There were no studies that reported the health effects of proteins from fresh fruit, while data on protein from fresh vegetables was limited to potato.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health

Bull

Belobrajdic

Hamzelou

et al. 2022

Foods

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Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produced protein foods to complement traditional dietary protein sources. To meet this need, a broad range of non-traditional protein foods are under active investigation. The aim of this review was to evaluate their potential effects on human health and to identify knowledge gaps, potential risks, and research opportunities. Non-traditional protein sources included are algae, cereals/grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, insects, mycoprotein, nuts, oil seeds, and legumes. Human, animal, and in vitro data suggest that non-traditional protein foods have compelling beneficial effects on human health, complementing traditional proteins (meat/poultry, soy, eggs, dairy). Improvements in cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism, muscle synthesis, and glycaemic control were the most frequently reported improvements in health-related endpoints. The mechanisms of benefit may arise from their diverse range of minerals, macro- and micronutrients, dietary fibre, and bioactive factors. Many were also reported to have anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activity. Across all protein sources examined, there is a strong need for quality human data from randomized controlled intervention studies. Opportunity lies in further understanding the potential effects of non-traditional proteins on the gut microbiome, immunity, inflammatory conditions, DNA damage, cognition, and cellular ageing. Safety, sustainability, and evidence-based health research will be vital to the development of high-quality complementary protein foods that enhance human health at all life stages.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health

Bull

Belobrajdic

Hamzelou

et al. 2022

Foods

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show abstract

“…Many species of gut bacteria produce endogenous carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, such as β-glucanase and β-glucosidase, capable of hydrolysing the glycosidic linkages of polysaccharides [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. Several polysaccharides within seaweed that are indigestible in the upper gastrointestinal tract are thought to exert bioactive effects including glycaemic control [ 69 ] and the promotion of gut microbial- and immune-modulation by acting as prebiotics in in vitro and in vivo studies [ 70 , 71 ]. The bioactivity of polysaccharide fractions is influenced by a number of factors such as chemical structure, molecular weight (MW), solubility, extraction method, seaweed genus and seasonal variation [ 72 , 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed Components as Potential Modulators of the Gut Microbiota

2021

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Macroalgae, or seaweeds, are a rich source of components which may exert beneficial effects on the mammalian gut microbiota through the enhancement of bacterial diversity and abundance. An imbalance of gut bacteria has been linked to the development of disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, hypertension, type-2-diabetes, obesity, and cancer. This review outlines current knowledge from in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the potential therapeutic application of seaweed-derived polysaccharides, polyphenols and peptides to modulate the gut microbiota through diet. Polysaccharides such as fucoidan, laminarin, alginate, ulvan and porphyran are unique to seaweeds. Several studies have shown their potential to act as prebiotics and to positively modulate the gut microbiota. Prebiotics enhance bacterial populations and often their production of short chain fatty acids, which are the energy source for gastrointestinal epithelial cells, provide protection against pathogens, influence immunomodulation, and induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The oral bioaccessibility and bioavailability of seaweed components is also discussed, including the advantages and limitations of static and dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal models versus ex vivo and in vivo methods. Seaweed bioactives show potential for use in prevention and, in some instances, treatment of human disease. However, it is also necessary to confirm these potential, therapeutic effects in large-scale clinical trials. Where possible, we have cited information concerning these trials.

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“…Twenty healthy subjects (aged 28.8 ± 5.4, BMI = 21.4 ± 2.1 kg/m 2 ) were recruited via posters at the University of Copenhagen and by advertisement on websites (http://www. forsogsperson.dk and www.sundhed.dk) as detailed previously [22]. Participants who met the following criteria were excluded: (1) systemic infections; (2) acute or chronic metabolic disease; (3) smokers or drug addicts; (4) pregnant, planning pregnancy or breastfeeding; (5) iodine-associated intolerance or allergy; (6) surgery for obesity; (7) assigned for any human intervention study in the past four weeks before starting this study; (8) habitual alcohol intake above the recommended maximal limit by the Danish Health and Medicines Authority (7 and 14 drinks per week for women and men, respectively).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three-way cross-over study design underlying this paper was designed 1) to investigate the influence of Laminaria digitate (LD) and Undaria pinnatifida (UP) on postprandial glucose and insulin responses [22] and 2) to explore the blood and urinary metabolomes after seaweed consumption. In the present study, we aimed at the second objective to discover and identify seaweed intake biomarkers in urine or blood using a data-driven metabolomics approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Urinary Biomarkers of Seaweed Intake Using Untargeted LC–MS Metabolomics in a Three-Way Cross-Over Human Study

Dragsted

Tullin

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Seaweeds are a marine source rich in potentially bioactive components, and therefore have attracted attention since the middle of the twentieth century. Accurate and objective assessment of the intake of seaweeds to study their health effects is hampered by a lack of validated intake biomarkers. In this three-armed, randomized, cross-over study, an untargeted metabolomics approach was applied for discovering novel intake biomarkers. Twenty healthy participants (9 men and 11 women) were provided each of three test meals in a randomized order: 5 g of Laminaria digitate (LD), 5 g of Undaria pinnatifida (UP), or a control meal with energy-adjusted pea protein. Four urine samples and a 24 h pooled urine were collected along with blood samples at seven time-points. All samples were profiled by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS and the data were analyzed by univariate analysis and excretion kinetics to select putative intake biomarkers. In total, four intake biomarkers were selected from urine samples. They were identified as hydroxyl-dihydrocoumarin at Level III, loliolid glucuronide at level I, and isololiolid glucuronide at level II, while the last one remains unknown. Further identification and validation of these biomarkers by a cross-sectional study is essential to assess their specificity and robustness.

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Effects of brown seaweeds on postprandial glucose, insulin and appetite in humans – A randomized, 3-way, blinded, cross-over meal study

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health

How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health

Seaweed Components as Potential Modulators of the Gut Microbiota

Discovery of Urinary Biomarkers of Seaweed Intake Using Untargeted LC–MS Metabolomics in a Three-Way Cross-Over Human Study

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