3′ UTR signals necessary for expression of the Plasmodium gallinaceum ookinete protein, Pgs28, share similarities with those of yeast and plants

Cann, Helen; Brown, Silvia V.; Oguariri, Raphael M.; Golightly, Linnie M.

doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.06.005

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In order to better refine UTR apportionment, we triaged the 3′ EST sequence data (termed tEST) to identify those that contained a consensus canonical polyadenylation site motif that P . falciparum shares with other eukaryotes [37,56-59]. Of the 44 3′ EST available, 19 were identified with the remainder generally appearing to result from mis-priming of 3′ RACE from homopolymeric adenosine tracts commonly found in these AT-rich IGR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the spatial and temporal arrangement of transcripts over intergenic regions in the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe ability of the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum to invade, colonise and multiply within diverse host environments, as well as to manifest its virulence within the human host, are activities tightly linked to the temporal and spatial control of gene expression. Yet, despite the wealth of high throughput transcriptomic data available for this organism there is very little information regarding the location of key transcriptional landmarks or their associated cis-acting regulatory elements. Here we provide a systematic exploration of the size and organisation of transcripts within intergenic regions to yield surrogate information regarding transcriptional landmarks, and to also explore the spatial and temporal organisation of transcripts over these poorly characterised genomic regions.ResultsUtilising the transcript data for a cohort of 105 genes we demonstrate that the untranscribed regions of mRNA are large and apportioned predominantly to the 5′ end of the open reading frame. Given the relatively compact size of the P. falciparum genome, we suggest that whilst transcriptional units are likely to spatially overlap, temporal co-transcription of adjacent transcriptional units is actually limited. Critically, the size of intergenic regions is directly dependent on the orientation of the two transcriptional units arrayed over them, an observation we extend to an analysis of the complete sequences of twelve additional organisms that share moderately compact genomes.ConclusionsOur study provides a theoretical framework that extends our current understanding of the transcriptional landscape across the P. falciparum genome. Demonstration of a consensus gene-spacing rule that is shared between P. falciparum and ten other moderately compact genomes of apicomplexan parasites reveals the potential for our findings to have a wider impact across a phylum that contains many organisms important to human and veterinary health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the spatial and temporal arrangement of transcripts over intergenic regions in the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum

et al. 2013

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“…This is perhaps surprising since Plasmodium parasites have been seen to use other cis -regulatory elements around the TSS, in introns and in the 3′ region of genes to control mRNA expression [16], [17], [18], [19]. Epigenetic alterations, which might differ substantially in the transfected versus the endogenous promoter region, due to their differing positions within the genome, seem not to play an important role in the case of the PB103464.00.0 promoter region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of a Liver Stage-Specific Promoter Region of the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium

et al. 2010

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During the blood meal of a Plasmodium-infected mosquito, 10 to 100 parasites are inoculated into the skin and a proportion of these migrate via the bloodstream to the liver where they infect hepatocytes. The Plasmodium liver stage, despite its clinical silence, represents a highly promising target for antimalarial drug and vaccine approaches. Successfully invaded parasites undergo a massive proliferation in hepatocytes, producing thousands of merozoites that are transported into a blood vessel to infect red blood cells. To successfully develop from the liver stage into infective merozoites, a tight regulation of gene expression is needed. Although this is a very interesting aspect in the biology of Plasmodium, little is known about gene regulation in Plasmodium parasites in general and in the liver stage in particular. We have functionally analyzed a novel promoter region of the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei that is exclusively active during the liver stage of the parasite. To prove stage-specific activity of the promoter, GFP and luciferase reporter assays have been successfully established, allowing both qualitative and accurate quantitative analysis. To further characterize the promoter region, the transcription start site was mapped by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′-RACE). Using promoter truncation experiments and site-directed mutagenesis within potential transcription factor binding sites, we suggest that the minimal promoter contains more than one binding site for the recently identified parasite-specific ApiAP2 transcription factors. The identification of a liver stage-specific promoter in P. berghei confirms that the parasite is able to tightly regulate gene expression during its life cycle. The identified promoter region might now be used to study the biology of the Plasmodium liver stage, which has thus far proven problematic on a molecular level. Stage-specific expression of dominant-negative mutant proteins and overexpression of proteins normally active in other life cycle stages will help to understand the function of the proteins investigated.

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“…Regulatory elements identified in the 3" UTR of Pgs28, the P. gallinaceum ortholog of p28, were shown to be essential for the expression of Pgs28 [55,56]. In contrast to the 5" UTR-mediated regulation of p25, the 3" UTR of Pfs25 was shown to regulate luciferase reporter gene expression, and therefore hypothesized to regulate Pfs25 protein expression [57].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational repression of the cpw-wpc gene family in the malaria parasite Plasmodium

Rao

Santos

Pain³

et al. 2016

Parasitology International

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Please cite this article as: Rao Pavitra N., Santos Jorge M., Pain Arnab, Templeton Thomas J., Mair Gunnar R., Translational repression of the cpw-wpc gene family in the malaria parasite Plasmodium, Parasitology International (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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3′ UTR signals necessary for expression of the Plasmodium gallinaceum ookinete protein, Pgs28, share similarities with those of yeast and plants

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Analysis of the spatial and temporal arrangement of transcripts over intergenic regions in the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum

Analysis of the spatial and temporal arrangement of transcripts over intergenic regions in the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum

Identification and Characterization of a Liver Stage-Specific Promoter Region of the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium

Translational repression of the cpw-wpc gene family in the malaria parasite Plasmodium

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