3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde Derived from <i>Prunus mume</i> Seed Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Enhances Estradiol Secretion in Human Ovarian Granulosa Tumor Cells

Abstract

Granulosa cells form ovarian follicles and play important roles in the growth and maturation of oocytes. The protection of granulosa cells from cellular injury caused by oxidative stress is an effective therapy for female infertility. We here investigated an effective bioactive compound derived from Prunus mume seed extract that protects granulosa cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis. We detected the bioactive compound, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3,4-DHBA), via bioactivity-guided isolation and found that it inhibited the H2O2-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells. We also showed that 3,4-DHBA promoted estradiol secretion in granulosa cells and enhanced the mRNA expression levels of steroidogenic factor 1, a promoter of key steroidogenic enzymes. These results suggest that P. mume seed extract may have clinical potential for the prevention and treatment of female infertility.

Biological and epidemiological evidence of anti-allergic effects of traditional Japanese food ume (Prunus mume)

“…PA has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory activities 32 , neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress 33 and anti-cancer activities 34 . We also reported that PA has the potential to attenuate oxidative stress in human granulosa cells 23 . PA also inhibited both antigen-induced intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization and membrane ruffling but not non-IgE-mediated degranulation, similar to VA.…”

“…Additionally, it has been reported that the effect of oestradiol on anaphylaxis in mouse is related to enhanced vascular permeability, which is associated with oestradiol-mediated upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) 38 . The effect of ume and ume -related products suggested by the results of our study using human ovarian granulosa cell lines have been considered to be a regulation of sex hormone secretion 23 . From these views, ume intake may not only inhibit mast cell degranulation but also may influence the regulation of oestradiol or affect the regulation of oestradiol-mediated eNOS and NO, thereby exerting an anti-allergic effect in women.…”

“…For SEM, cells were prepared by a general method as previously described 23 . Briefly, cells were fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.2 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) for 2 h at 4 °C.…”

“…Recently, studies have suggested that ume has the potential to prevent osteoporosis 19 , 20 , atherosclerosis 21 and Helicobacter pylori infection 22 . Ume seed extract is known to have various functions including a protective effect in human ovarian granulosa cells against oxidative stress 23 and inhibition of adult T cell leukaemia proliferation 24 . Research on the medicinal properties of ume extract is as important as those of processed ume because ume seed components are transferred into pulp, liquor or soft drinks during processing.…”

3,4‐Dihydroxybenzaldehyde lowers ROS generation and protects human red blood cells from arsenic(III) induced oxidative damage

“…DHB also has anti‐inflammatory properties, neuroprotective effects and protects against cerebral ischemia . DHB protects the granulosa cells from hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis and has shown clinical potential for the cure and prevention of female infertility …”