2D radial-azimuthal particle-in-cell benchmark for E
					          ×
					          B discharges

Villafana, Willca; Petronio, Federico; Denig, A. C.; Jimenez, Marilyn; Eremin, Denis; Garrigues, Laurent; Taccogna, F.; Laguna, Alejandro Alvarez; Boeuf, Jean-Pierre; Bourdon, Anne; Chabert, Pascal; Charoy, Thomas; Cuenot, Bénédicte; Hara, Kentaro; Péchereau, François; Smolyakov, Andrei; Sydorenko, Dmytro; Tavant, Antoine; Vermorel, Olivier

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/ac0a4a

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…However, we found the results from the benchmarking activity of Ref. [30] incompatible with the objectives we had defined for our pseudo-2D studies here in the azimuthal-radial configuration. Accordingly, as pointed out in the preceding paragraph, we adopted as reference the simulation case described in Ref.…”

Section: Pseudo-2d Azimuthal-radial Simulationmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Resolving multi-dimensional plasma phenomena in Hall thrusters using the reduced-order particle-in-cell scheme

Reza

Farbod

Knoll

2022

Preprint

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Plasma in Hall thrusters exhibits a complex behavior, characterized by the interplay between various dominant processes in each of the thruster’s coordinates. The emergence of high-power Hall thrusters in the recent years and the design modifications intended to extend the lifetime of these devices have further amplified the three-dimensional nature of the plasma behavior. In this regard, the novel reduced-order particle-in-cell (PIC) scheme provides the possibility to resolve the multi-dimensional interactions in a Hall thruster at a significantly reduced computational cost compared to current multi-dimensional PIC simulations. To demonstrate this point, we present in this article the results from a series of pseudo-two-dimensional simulations we performed in three configurations: axial-azimuthal, azimuthal-radial, and axial-radial. We show that, in each configuration, the pseudo-2D PIC scheme provides a significantly improved picture of the involved physics compared to a one-dimensional PIC simulation and captures self-consistently the coupling between the plasma processes in different directions, notably similar to the observations from full-2D kinetic simulations.

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Section: Pseudo-2d Azimuthal-radial Simulationmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Before proceeding further, we acknowledge the recent development of an azimuthalradial benchmark case in the community [30]. However, we found the results from the benchmarking activity of Ref.…”

Section: Pseudo-2d Azimuthal-radial Simulationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Resolving multi-dimensional plasma phenomena in Hall thrusters using the reduced-order particle-in-cell scheme

Reza

Farbod

Knoll

2022

Preprint

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“…Figure 6(c) shows a schematic of the planar magnetron, used for plasma-assisted sputtering and deposition (Waits 1978). An axial electric field and a radial magnetic field are applied close to the cathode surface.…”

Section: Planar Magnetron Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2018) or a combination of these effects (Héron & Adam 2013; Villafana et al. 2021). A few examples of the kinetic instabilities in the high-frequency range include the electron cyclotron drift instability (Forslund, Morse & Nielson 1971), modified two-stream instability (McBride et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of gradient drift instabilities in low-temperature, partially magnetised plasmas

2022

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A fluid dispersion theory in partially magnetised plasmas is analysed to examine the conditions under which large-wavelength modes develop in Penning-type configurations, that is, where an electric field is imposed perpendicular to a homogeneous magnetic field. The fluid dispersion relation assuming a slab geometry shows that two types of low-frequency, gradient drift instabilities occur in the direction of the $\boldsymbol {E} \times \boldsymbol {B}$ and diamagnetic drifts. One type of instability, observed when the equilibrium electric field and plasma density gradient are in the same direction, is similar to the classic modified Simon–Hoh instability. A second instability is found for conditions in which (i) the diamagnetic drift is in the direction opposite to the $\boldsymbol {E} \times \boldsymbol {B}$ drift and (ii) the magnitude of the diamagnetic drift is sufficiently larger than the electron thermal speed. The present fluid dispersion theory suggests that the rotating spokes driven by such fluid instabilities propagate in the same direction as the diamagnetic drift, which can be in the same direction as or opposite to the $\boldsymbol {E} \times \boldsymbol {B}$ drift, depending on the plasma conditions. This finding may account for the observation, in some plasma devices, of the rotation of large-scale structures in both the $\boldsymbol {E} \times \boldsymbol {B}$ and $-\boldsymbol {E} \times \boldsymbol {B}$ directions.

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“…To conduct the simulations of ME-HCAD, we use 2D-EDIPIC, an electrostatic explicit 2d3v PIC/MCC code, which was benchmarked against many other codes [37,38]. The radial (x) and azimuthal (y) dimensions are resolved.…”

Section: The Numerical Model and Linear Theory Of The Gradient Drift ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanism of the rotating spoke in partially magnetized plasmas

Li¹,

Eremin²,

Smolyakov³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Rotating spokes commonly occur in partially magnetized plasmas devices. In this paper, the driving mechanism behind the formation of an m=1 rotating spoke mode in a magnetically enhanced hollow cathode arc discharge is investigated by means of 2D radial-azimuthal particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations with a uniform axial magnetic field. We find that the formation of the spoke potential hump region can be explained as a result of the positive anode sheath collapse due to the lower hybrid type instability evolving into the long wavelength regime. It is shown that an initial short-wavelength instability in the non-neutral anode sheath undergoes a sequence of transitions into the large scale mode. The sheath non-neutrality effect on the instability is considered and incorporated in the two-fluid linear theory of the lower hybrid instability. The unstable modes predicted by the theory in the linear phase and nonlinear evolution are in good agreement with the fluctuation modes developed in the particle simulations.

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2D radial-azimuthal particle-in-cell benchmark for E × B discharges

Cited by 58 publications

References 72 publications

Resolving multi-dimensional plasma phenomena in Hall thrusters using the reduced-order particle-in-cell scheme

Resolving multi-dimensional plasma phenomena in Hall thrusters using the reduced-order particle-in-cell scheme

Theory of gradient drift instabilities in low-temperature, partially magnetised plasmas

Formation mechanism of the rotating spoke in partially magnetized plasmas

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