2D-enabled membranes: materials and beyond

Abstract

Membranes could reform the field of molecular separations by enabling new low energy manufacturing technologies. This review article discusses the current state of the art and the potential in the 2D-enabled membrane separation processes by highlighting emerging and existing areas in which robust 2D materials significantly impact the energy-efficient separation process. Analysis of 2D-enabled membrane classes and prospective materials for 2D-enabled membranes are also discussed with emphasis on the surface chemistry of basal plane engineered 2D materials.

Enantioselective Mixed Matrix Membranes for Chiral Resolution

“…Although many researchers have strived to optimize the membrane fabrication condition or develop new polymeric materials to improve the separation performance of polymeric membranes, conventional membranes generally cannot exceed Robeson’s upper bound. However, the upper bound can often be overcome using inorganic membranes fabricated with microporous materials, such as carbon molecular sieve (CMS) and zeolite [ 38 , 39 ]. These microporous materials can also be incorporated into the polymeric matrix to form MMMs that enhance the separation performance of the polymeric membrane.…”

2D nanosheet enabled thin film nanocomposite membranes for freshwater production – a review

“…Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) are emerging 2D nanosheets in the field of water treatment owing to their distinctive physical and chemical properties. 26,77 TMD structure consists of a transition metal layer sandwiched between two chalcogen layers. 77 MoS 2 is a typical TMD consisting of hexagonal layers of Mo and S atoms.…”

“…26,77 TMD structure consists of a transition metal layer sandwiched between two chalcogen layers. 77 MoS 2 is a typical TMD consisting of hexagonal layers of Mo and S atoms. The MoS 2 sandwiched structure is shown in Fig.…”

Graphene and Graphene-Like Materials for Hydrogen Energy

“…Unfortunately, it is necessary to sacrifice permeability for the sake of selectivity or vice versa in this case. Research and development in other areas is actively continuing; much attention is paid to membranes with a nanostructured carbon selective layer, as well as with a mixed matrix membrane, including carbon nanomaterials [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Graphene is of particular interest.…”