Sectioned images and surface models of a cadaver head with reference to botulinum neurotoxin injection

Shin, Dong Sun; Shim, YoungJoo; Kim, Bong-Chul

doi:10.5603/fm.a2018.0005

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The comparison could be valuable, especially because of the different depths of the bone landmarks (in other words, different thicknesses of the soft tissue) between sexes. The latter image data can be used for identification of the more detailed bone landmarks of the head because of the higher quality of the sectioned images (intervals 0.1 mm; pixel size 0.1 mm; colour depth 48 bits) [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peeled volume models of a whole body to enhance comprehension of anthropological bone landmarks

2019

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Background: In physical anthropology, bone landmarks are palpated in living humans for the identification of corresponding skin landmarks and exact biometry. The purpose of this study is to help comprehend the locations and depths of representative bone landmarks all over the body. Materials and methods: The sectioned images of a male cadaver's whole body were used to build a volume model, which was continuously peeled at 1 mm thicknesses to disclose 27 selected landmarks in the anterior, lateral, or posterior views. Results: The captured views of peeled volume models along with the labels of the bone landmarks were loaded to browsing software that was distributed for free. The browsing software containing the peeled volume models will enhance convenient studying of the bone landmarks. Conclusions: With the knowledge of bone landmarks, investigators would be able to attain more accurate measurements between skin landmarks. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 4: 833-838)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The browsing software had been updated to be equipped with user-friendly functions [16]. The 300 captured images of the volume models containing the information of the landmarks were arranged ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peeled volume models of a whole body to enhance comprehension of anthropological bone landmarks

2019

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“…A similar approach was used by Reina et al (2016) and Valera-Melé et al (2018). This provides an alternative to the Model tree control to manage the visibility of sections, which has been most widely used in previous reports Jang et al, 2015;Shin et al, 2018aShin et al, , 2018bShin, Kwon, et al, 2015;. An additional, important functionality brought about by JavaScript scripting is the ability to generate and control 3D animation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although the use of interactive 3D PDF files is not yet widely adopted, a recent review identified embedded 3D content in over 200 articles from a variety of disciplines, ranging from astronomy to animal and human surgery, either as a figure included within the article body or as an external reference (Newe & Becker, 2018). In those with a focus on human anatomy, presentation of interactive 3D content was largely based on surface representations of bodily structures, either alone (Kato et al, 2014;Kato, Ziegler, Utsumi, Ohno, & Takeichi, 2016;Chung, Kwon, Shin, & Chung, 2017;Chung, Chung, Shin, & Kwon, 2018;Kim et al, 2013, Kim, Chung, Park, Shin, & Park, 2015Park, Chung, Shin, Jung, & Park, 2015;Wu et al, 2017) or in combination with sectional anatomy Jang, Chung, & Shin, 2015;Reina, Lirk, Puigdellívol-S anchez, Mavar, & Prats-Galino, 2016;Shin, Kwon, et al, 2015;Shin, Shim, & Kim, 2018a, 2018bValera-Melé et al, 2018), and less commonly accompanied by additional or custom-designed graphic user controls (Reina et al, 2016;Valera-Melé et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Embedding interactive, three‐dimensional content in portable document format to deliver gross anatomy information and knowledge

Azkue

2021

Clinical Anatomy

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The Portable Document Format (PDF) is likely the most widely used digital file format for scholarly and scientific electronic publishing. Since format specification version 1.6, three-dimensional (3D) models in Universal 3D (U3D) format can be embedded into PDF files. The present study demonstrates a repertoire of graphic strategies and modes of presentation that exploit the potentials of 3D models embedded in PDF to deliver anatomical information and knowledge. Three-dimensional models and scenes representing anatomical structures generated by 3D surface scanning or by segmentation from either clinical imaging data or cadaver sectional images were converted into U3D format and then embedded into PDF files using both freely and commercially available software. The relevant steps and required software tools are described. Built-in tools in Adobe Acrobat and JavaScript scripting both were used to pre-configure user interaction with 3D contents. Eight successive proof-of-concept examples of increasing complexity are presented and provided as supplementary material, including both unannotated and annotated 3D specimens, use of bitmaptextures, guided navigation through predetermined 3D scenes, 3D animation, and interactive navigation through tri-planar sectional human cadaver images. Threedimensional contents embedded in PDF files are generally comparable to multimedia and dedicated 3D software in terms of quality, flexibility, and convenience, and offer new unprecedented opportunities to deliver anatomical information and knowledge.

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Three-Dimensional Portable Document Format (3D PDF) in Clinical Communication and Biomedical Sciences: Systematic Review of Applications, Tools, and Protocols

Newe

Becker

2018

JMIR Med Inform

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BackgroundThe Portable Document Format (PDF) is the standard file format for the communication of biomedical information via the internet and for electronic scholarly publishing. Although PDF allows for the embedding of three-dimensional (3D) objects and although this technology has great potential for the communication of such data, it is not broadly used by the scientific community or by clinicians.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to provide an overview of existing publications that apply 3D PDF technology and the protocols and tools for the creation of model files and 3D PDFs for scholarly purposes to demonstrate the possibilities and the ways to use this technology.MethodsA systematic literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles searched for were in English, peer-reviewed with biomedical reference, published since 2005 in a journal or presented at a conference or scientific meeting. Ineligible articles were removed after screening. The found literature was categorized into articles that (1) applied 3D PDF for visualization, (2) showed ways to use 3D PDF, and (3) provided tools or protocols for the creation of 3D PDFs or necessary models. Finally, the latter category was analyzed in detail to provide an overview of the state of the art.ResultsThe search retrieved a total of 902 items. Screening identified 200 in-scope publications, 13 covering the use of 3D PDF for medical purposes. Only one article described a clinical routine use case; all others were pure research articles. The disciplines that were covered beside medicine were many. In most cases, either animal or human anatomies were visualized. A method, protocol, software, library, or other tool for the creation of 3D PDFs or model files was described in 19 articles. Most of these tools required advanced programming skills and/or the installation of further software packages. Only one software application presented an all-in-one solution with a graphical user interface.ConclusionsThe use of 3D PDF for visualization purposes in clinical communication and in biomedical publications is still not in common use, although both the necessary technique and suitable tools are available, and there are many arguments in favor of this technique. The potential of 3D PDF usage should be disseminated in the clinical and biomedical community. Furthermore, easy-to-use, standalone, and free-of-charge software tools for the creation of 3D PDFs should be developed.

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Sectioned images and surface models of a cadaver head with reference to botulinum neurotoxin injection

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to elucidate the anatomical considerations with

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Peeled volume models of a whole body to enhance comprehension of anthropological bone landmarks

Peeled volume models of a whole body to enhance comprehension of anthropological bone landmarks

Embedding interactive, three‐dimensional content in portable document format to deliver gross anatomy information and knowledge

Three-Dimensional Portable Document Format (3D PDF) in Clinical Communication and Biomedical Sciences: Systematic Review of Applications, Tools, and Protocols

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