Inflammation-based score (Glasgow prognostic score) as an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients

Abstract

PurposeThis study was conducted to evaluate the systemic inflammatory response in colorectal cancer patients, and to estimate the usefulness of the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) as a prognostic factor.MethodsPatients with biopsy-proven colorectal adenocarcinoma who were operated between April 2005 and December 2008 were enrolled in this study. The GPS was estimated based on the measurement of CRP and serum albumin level. The GPS was compared with other clinicopathological factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the factors affecting cancer-specific survival.ResultsGPS was significantly higher in patients with anemia, thrombocytosis, a high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, tumor of the colon, and large tumor. Patient age, gender, serum CEA level, tumor gross appearance, TNM stage, and tumor differentiation were not related with the GPS. In univariate analysis, hemoglobin, CEA, gross appearance of tumor, TNM stage, tumor differentiation, and GPS were associated with cancer-specific survival. In multivariate analysis, TNM stage (III or IV : I or II; hazard ratio [HR], 12.322; P = 0.015), tumor differentiation (poorly differentiated : well or moderately differentiated; HR, 3.112; P = 0.021), and GPS (GPS 2 : GPS 0 or 1; HR, 5.168; P = 0.003) were identified as independent prognostic factors in colorectal cancer.ConclusionOur study showed that the GPS was an independent variable from tumor stage and a good and convenient prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients.

Evaluation of inflammation-based prognostic scores in patients undergoing hepatobiliary resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

“…In addition, the survival of patients who had an albumin concentration below 35 g/L and a CRP concentration of 10 mg/L or lower (classified as a score of 1 in the original Glasgow Prognostic Score system) was identical to that of patients who had an albumin concentration of 35 g/L or higher and a CRP concentration of 10 mg/L or lower (classified as a score of 0 in the original Glasgow Prognostic Score system) (data not shown). In our cohort, the proportion of patients with hypoalbuminemia (albumin level below 35 g/L) was 39.5 % (211 of 534 patients), which was relatively high compared with that of gastric cancer patients (9.5-16.4 %) [34][35][36] and colorectal cancer patients (9.4-31.7 %) [31,[37][38][39]. This difference may result from obstructive jaundice or subsequent biliary drainage associated with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.…”

The Prognostic Value of Preoperative Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio in Colorectal Cancer

“…c Stage IV patients (n = 104; high NLR (n = 71) and low NLR (n = 33)). d All patients (n = 823; high NLR (n = 505) and low NLR (n = 318)) prognostic factor in colorectal cancer [5]. However, serum CRP levels are not always examined in all hospitals.…”

Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy

“…It is probable, in view of its prognostic association, that PNI is a reflection of systemic inflammation. Just like other inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein and the modified Glasgow prognostic score, PNI is also believed to be involved in the systemic inflammatory response and plays an indispensable role in cancer growth and metastasis [23,24,25]. Thus, PNI may serve as an indicator of chronic inflammation, immunity, and nutritional status, all of which are of prognostic significance in cancer.…”