2099 Aluminum-Lithium with Key-Locked Inserts for Aerospace Applications

Babel, H. W.; Gibson, J. E.; Tarkanian, Michael J.; Parrish, Clyde; Prietto, M.; Ordonez-Chu, A.; Haberl, H.; Kabisch, J.; Clark, Russell A.; Ogren, J.; Said, O.S. Es

doi:10.1007/s11665-007-9096-1

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The dissimilar welding between non-ferrous metals can raise difficulties because it can result to very brittle intermetal compound, for example, dissolution and following diffusion of the refractory metals at the fusion area. Sometimes, in order to reduce diffusion, extension and insert are used (Fridlyander 2001;Babel et al 2007;Menzemer et al 2001;Lakshminarayanan et al 2009). Table 2 presents common association of dissimilar non-ferrous joints.…”

Section: Difficulties In Dissimilar Non-ferrous Metal Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding of dissimilar non-ferrous metals by GMAW processes

Mvola

Kah

Martikainen

2014

Int J Mech Mater Eng

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For many years, the manufacturing industry has shown interest in the opportunities offered by welding of dissimilar metals. The need for appropriate and effective techniques has increased in recent decades because of efforts to build light and strong vehicles with reduced fuel consumption. In addition, the thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and recyclability are other reasons to weld dissimilar non-ferrous metal. Early gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes had limited control of the heat input, a prerequisite for effective welding of dissimilar metals, but the advanced GMAW processes of the past decades offer new perspectives. The objective of this paper is to review the main principles of the fusion welding of dissimilar metals. The study briefly investigates the challenges in welding the main possible combination of categories of non-ferrous metal. Some experiments performed on dissimilar metals using GMAW processes are then reviewed, highlighting those made using advanced GMAW processes. The study collates data from the scientific literature on fusion dissimilar metal welding (DMW), advanced GMAW processes, and experiments conducted with conventional GMAW. The study shows that the welding procedure specification is a crucial factor in DMW. Advanced GMAW processes have significant potential in the fusion welding of dissimilar non-ferrous metals of different grades. Accurate control of the heat input allows more effective prediction of the intermetallic properties and better control of post-heat treatments. Increased understanding of advanced GMAW processes will permit the development of more accurate specifications of welding procedures for DMW. Process flexibility and adaptability to robotic mass production will allow a wider range of applications and the avoidance of costly alternative methods.

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Section: Difficulties In Dissimilar Non-ferrous Metal Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding of dissimilar non-ferrous metals by GMAW processes

Mvola

Kah

Martikainen

2014

Int J Mech Mater Eng

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“…This shear component is believed to develop near boundaries due to elastic anisotropy between grains, as noted in [23] from computational studies with copper accounting for the effects of crystal plasticity. The assigned deformation gradient, F, is shown mathematically in equation (1) and the state of stress is schematically depicted in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Taylor Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intertank structure of the ET is fabricated from sheet gage Al-Li alloy 2090. Al-Li alloys, however, have found limited structural application due to the propensity for Al alloys with Li content greater than approximately 1.0% to exhibit a delamination fracture mode [1][2][3][4]. Delamination fracture is characterized by secondary failure along elongated grain boundaries perpendicular to the primary advancing crack [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EBSD Study of Delamination Fracture in Al–Li Alloy 2090

et al. 2008

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Aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloys offer attractive combinations of high strength and low density for aerospace structural applications. However, a tendency for delamination fracture has limited their use. Identification of the metallurgical mechanisms controlling delamination may suggest processing modifications to minimize the occurrence of this mode of fracture. In the current study of Al-Li alloy 2090 plate, high quality electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) information has been used to evaluate grain boundary types exhibiting delamination fracture and characterize microtexture variations between surrounding grains. Delamination was frequently observed to occur between variants of the brass texture component, along near-Σ3, incoherent twin boundaries. EBSD analyses indicated a tendency for intense deformation along one side of the fractured boundary. A through-thickness plot of grain-specific Taylor factors showed that delaminations occurred along boundaries with the greatest difference in Taylor factors. Together, these suggest a lack of slip accommodation across the boundary, which promotes significantly higher deformation in one grain, and stress concentrations that result in delamination fracture.

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“…Al–Li alloys have obvious advantages, including light weight, reduced cost, recyclability and straightforward processing and maintenance. They are therefore a promising aviation material …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of welding speed on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Al–Li alloy weld joint

Yang

Chen³

et al. 2019

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion resistance of a weld has a great impact on the service life of the joint. Changes in welding parameters can cause changes to the heat input, which affect the formation of the weld bead and the precipitation of the second phase, which determines the corrosion resistance of the weld. In this paper, the effect of a change in the welding speed on 2195 aluminium–lithium (Al–Li) alloy joints welded by laser and metal inert gas (laser‐MIG) hybrid welding using Al–Si welding wire was studied. The macrostructure and microstructure of the weld were characterized by optical microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the predominant precipitates in the laser‐MIG hybrid welded Al–Li alloy were the θ (Al2Cu) and T (Al–Li–Si) phases. As the welding speed increased from 11.5 mm/s to 16.5 mm/s, the heat input decreased, and the amount of the precipitated phase increased. Intergranular corrosion and electrochemical experiments were carried out on the weld seam, and the corrosion resistance was tested. With increasing welding speed, the corrosion resistance of the weld decreased. The high potential of the precipitated phase decreased the corrosion resistance of the weld joint.

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2099 Aluminum-Lithium with Key-Locked Inserts for Aerospace Applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Welding of dissimilar non-ferrous metals by GMAW processes

Welding of dissimilar non-ferrous metals by GMAW processes

EBSD Study of Delamination Fracture in Al–Li Alloy 2090

Effect of welding speed on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Al–Li alloy weld joint

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