2.47 the Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene, Birth Weight, Early Maternal Care, Maternal Depression Over the Postnatal Time Period, and the Prediction of Disorganized Attachment at 36-Months of Age: A Prospective Gene X Environment Analysis

Graffi, Justin; Moss, Ellen; Jolicoeur-Martineau, Alexis; Moss, Gal; Lecompte, Vanessa; Pascuzzo, Katherine; Babineau, Vanessa; Gordon-Green, Cathryn; Mileva‐Seitz, Viara R.; Minde, Klaus; Sassi, Roberto; Carrey, Normand; Steiner, Meir; Kennedy, James L.; Gaudreau, Helen; Levitan, Roberto; Meaney, Michael J.; Wazana, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.113

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 185 publications

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“…Genetic markers have been associated with depression symptoms and disorders (Hyde et al 2016;Wray et al 2018). At the same time, depressive symptoms in mothers have been identified as an important predictor of insecure attachment relationships with their child (Graffi et al 2016). The genetic vulnerability of depressed mothers could be transferred to their children, resulting in an increased risk for depression in their children, while the depressive symptoms in mothers lead to insecure attachment relationships with their child.…”

Section: The Relation Between Attachment and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Attachment and Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis

Spruit

Goos²,

Weenink

et al. 2019

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

149

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Insecure attachment to primary caregivers is associated with the development of depression symptoms in children and youth. This association has been shown by individual studies testing the relation between attachment and depression and by meta-analyses focusing on broad internalizing problems instead of depression or adult samples only. We therefore metaanalytically examined the associations between attachment security and depression in children and adolescents, using a multilevel approach. In total, 643 effect sizes were extracted from 123 independent samples. A significant moderate overall effect size was found (r = .31), indicating that insecure attachment to primary caregivers is associated with depression. Multivariate analysis of the significant moderators that impacted on the strength of the association between attachment security and depression showed that country of the study, study design, gender, the type of attachment, and the type of instrument to assess attachment uniquely contributed to the explanation of variance. This study suggests that insecure attachment may be a predictor of the development of depression in children and adolescents. When treating depression in children, attachment should therefore be addressed.

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Section: The Relation Between Attachment and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%