17 000%/W second-harmonic conversion efficiency in single-crystalline aluminum nitride microresonators

Bruch, Alexander; Liu, Xianwen; Guo, Xu; Surya, Joshua B.; Gong, Zheng; Zhang, Liang; Wang, Junxi; Yan, Jianchang; Tang, Hong X.

doi:10.1063/1.5042506

Cited by 102 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Meanwhile, QPM is generally achieved through the periodic poling and hence allows the engineering of the phase-matching wavelengths for specific applications. The po-tential of the LNOI platform, however, is far from being realized as the demonstrated cavity-enhanced-SHG efficiencies of recent works remain much lower than the theoretical value [18] as well as those achieved in integrated AlN platforms with a lower χ 2 coefficient [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The wide spectral separation between the telecom pump and near-visible SH modes poses a challenge for efficient dual-band waveguide-microring coupling using a conventional straight waveguide (point) coupler due to the significantly weaker coupling strength at shorter SH wavelengths. Compared with the MPM case with an extra SH extraction waveguide [13][14][15], QPM-based SHG involves fundamental telecom and nearvisible modes and allows us to employ a single pulley waveguide shown in Fig. 1(a) to address that issue.…”

Section: A Coupling Design and High-q Ln Microring Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators with a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 250,000%/W

Lu¹,

Surya²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Optica

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336

182

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Lithium niobate (LN), dubbed by many as the silicon of photonics, has recently risen to the forefront of chip-scale nonlinear optics research since its demonstration as an ultralow-loss integrated photonics platform. Due to its significant quadratic nonlinearity (χ (2) ), LN inspires many important applications such as second-harmonic generation (SHG), spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and optical parametric oscillation. Here, we demonstrate high-efficiency SHG in dual-resonant, periodically poled z-cut LN microrings, where quasi-phase matching is realized by field-assisted domain engineering. Meanwhile, dual-band operation is accessed by optimizing the coupling conditions in fundamental and second-harmonic bands via a single pulley waveguide. As a result, when pumping a periodically poled LN microring in the low power regime at around 1617 nm, an on-chip SHG efficiency of 250,000 %/W is achieved, a state-of-the-art value reported among current integrated photonics platforms. An absolute conversion efficiency of 15% is recorded with a low pump power of 115 µW in the waveguide. Such periodically poled LN microrings also present a versatile platform for other cavity-enhanced quasi-phase matched χ (2) nonlinear optical processes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: A Coupling Design and High-q Ln Microring Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators with a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 250,000%/W

Lu¹,

Surya²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Optica

Self Cite

336

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The signal bandwidth is defined by the FWHM. References: AlGaAs-OI chip [13], AlN rings [14], GaAs-OI chip [15], GaAs-OI ring [16], GaP PhC [17], LNOI [18], LNOI ring [19], LN RPE [20], OP-AlGaAs [21], ox-AlGaAs [22], PP-GaN [23], PPKTP [24], SiN/LNOI [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some resonant devices have exceeded this efficiency [14,19], the narrow bandwidth and sensitive phase-matching condition makes them impractical for a fully integrated f -2 f self-referencing system. These resonant devices are better suited for parametric down-conversion applications with narrow bandwidths and squeezed light generation [14,19,34,35]. Furthermore, producing such systems on a large scale requires a high-yield and reproducible fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient second harmonic generation in nanophotonic GaAs-on-insulator waveguides

et al. 2020

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Nonlinear frequency conversion plays a crucial role in advancing the functionality of next-generation optical systems. Portable metrology references and quantum networks will demand highly efficient second-order nonlinear devices, and the intense nonlinear interactions of nanophotonic waveguides can be leveraged to meet these requirements. Here we demonstrate second harmonic generation (SHG) in GaAs-on-insulator waveguides with unprecedented efficiency of 40 W −1 for a single-pass device. This result is achieved by minimizing the propagation loss and optimizing phase-matching. We investigate surface-state absorption and design the waveguide geometry for modal phase-matching with tolerance to fabrication variation. A 2.0 µm pump is converted to a 1.0 µm signal in a length of 2.9 mm with a wide signal bandwidth of 148 GHz. Tunable and efficient operation is demonstrated over a temperature range of 45 ℃ with a slope of 0.24 nm/℃. Wafer-bonding between GaAs and SiO 2 is optimized to minimize waveguide loss, and the devices are fabricated on 76 mm wafers with high uniformity. We expect this device to enable fully integrated self-referenced frequency combs and high-rate entangled photon pair generation.

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“…The fabrication of such small gaps poses significant technological challenges, as it is approaching the limit of what can be achieved with conventional fabrication means. We report on a robust suspended topology with a bent waveguide design 22 to facilitate reaching critical coupling 4,34 . We demonstrate lasing over a wide range of gap sizes and waveguide bending angles, observing a strong dependence of the lasing threshold on gap size and loaded quality factor (Q loaded ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of critical coupling in an active III-nitride microdisk photonic circuit on silicon

Tabataba-Vakili

Doyennette

Brimont

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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On-chip microlaser sources in the blue constitute an important building block for complex integrated photonic circuits on silicon. We have developed photonic circuits operating in the blue spectral range based on microdisks and bus waveguides in III-nitride on silicon. We report on the interplay between microdisk-waveguide coupling and its optical properties. We observe critical coupling and phase matching, i.e. the most efficient energy transfer scheme, for very short gap sizes and thin waveguides (g = 45 nm and w = 170 nm) in the spontaneous emission regime. Whispering gallery mode lasing is demonstrated for a wide range of parameters with a strong dependence of the threshold on the loaded quality factor. We show the dependence and high sensitivity of the output signal on the coupling. Lastly, we observe the impact of processing on the tuning of mode resonances due to the very short coupling distances. Such small footprint on-chip integrated microlasers providing maximum energy transfer into a photonic circuit have important potential applications for visible-light communication and lab-on-chip bio-sensors.

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17 000%/W second-harmonic conversion efficiency in single-crystalline aluminum nitride microresonators

Cited by 102 publications

References 43 publications

Periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators with a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 250,000%/W

Periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators with a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 250,000%/W

Efficient second harmonic generation in nanophotonic GaAs-on-insulator waveguides

Demonstration of critical coupling in an active III-nitride microdisk photonic circuit on silicon

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