16S ribosomal RNA-based gut microbiome composition analysis in infants with breast milk jaundice

Abstract

BackgroundThis case-control study investigated an association between breast milk jaundice (BMJ) and infants’ gut microbiome. The study included determination of the diversity of the gut microbiome and identification of bacterial genera associated with BMJ.MethodsThe study population consisted of 12 infants with BMJ and 22 breastfed infants without jaundice (control). DNA collected from feces was analyzed by PCR amplification and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and then sequenced with a MiSeq system. Relative quantification bioinformatics was employed to analyze the DNA sequencing data. An Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze 16S rRNA variable (V) regions V3 and V4 in stool samples. ResultsIn the control group, the proportion of Escherichia/Shigella (genus level) in the gut microbiome (64.67%) was significantly higher than that of the BMJ group. However, the prevalence of Bifidobacterium or Enterococcus in the gut microbiome of the two groups was similar. The Simpson index indicated that the diversity of the bacterial population in the BMJ infants was significantly narrower than in the normal infants.ConclusionThe prevalence of Escherichia/Shigella in the gut of breastfed infants is important for lowering BMJ development.

Changes in Intestinal Flora and Metabolites in Neonates With Breast Milk Jaundice

“…When the abundance of E. coli in the intestine is elevated, the production of β-GD increases accordingly, which then increases bilirubin enterohepatic circulation and causes jaundice. However, Miao et al found that the proportion of Escherichia in normal healthy infants was 64.67%, which was significantly higher compared to those observed in BMJ infants (14). The results contrast with what we observed in this study.…”

Characterization of gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acid in breastfed infants with or without breast milk jaundice

“…The high proportion of Escherichia-Shigella may be attributed to the high content of Escherichia coli, which is part of the normal intestinal flora in newborns after birth and the most abundant bacteria in the first year, which was harmless under certain conditions (Taddei et al 2014). However, our previous study showed that the proportion of Escherichia-Shigella (genus level) in the gut microbiome was significantly higher in the control group than in the BMJ group (Duan et al 2018) The difference in the abovementioned results may be due to the different locations with different cooking cultures where the samples were collected.…”

“…However, our previous study showed that the proportion of Escherichia–Shigella (genus level) in the gut microbiome was significantly higher in the control group than in the BMJ group (Duan et al . 2018). Previous studies have demonstrated that a wide range of health and environmental factors including medication‐, diet‐ and health‐related variables and intrinsic factors are associated with changes in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota (Falony et al .…”

“…The inclusion and exclusion criteria were as previously reported (Duan et al . 2018). The infants diagnosed with BMJ were the experimental group and those without BMJ, who presented with comparable age, delivery mode and sex were considered the control group.…”

“…Newborns in the maternity units of the First People's Hospital of Zunyi (Zunyi, China) were enrolled during October 2015 and April 2017. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were as previously reported (Duan et al 2018). The infants diagnosed with BMJ were the experimental group and those without BMJ, who presented with comparable age, delivery mode and sex were considered the control group.…”