Resistance Exercise Modulates Oxidative Stress Parameters and TNF-a Content in the Heart of Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity

Abstract

Background Obesity can be characterized by low-grade chronic inflammation and is associated with an excesso production of reactive oxygen species, factors that contribute to coronary heart disease and other cardiomyopathies. Objective To verify the effects of resistance exercise training on oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters on mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods 24 Swiss mice were divided into 4 groups: standard diet (SD), SD + resistance exercise (SD + RE), diet-induced obesity (DIO), DIO + RE. The animals were fed SD or HFD for 26 weeks and performed resistance exercises in the last 8 weeks of the study. The insulin tolerance test (ITT) and body weight monitoring were performed to assess the clinical parameters. Oxidative stress and inflammation parameters were evaluated in the cardiac tissue. Data were expressed by mean and standard deviation (p < 0.05). Results The DIO group had a significant increase in reactive oxygen species levels and lipid peroxidation with reduction after exercise. Superoxide dismutase and the glutathione system showed no significant changes in DIO animals, with an increase in SD + RE. Only catalase activity decreased with both diet and exercise influence. There was an increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the DIO group, characterizing a possible inflammatory condition, with a decrease when exposed to resistance training (DIO+RE). Conclusion The DIO resulted in a redox imbalance in cardiac tissue, but the RE was able to modulate these parameters, as well as to control the increase in TNF-α levels.

Effects of resistance exercise on treatment outcome and laboratory parameters of Takayasu arteritis with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial

“…Exercise decreased plasma levels of TNF through inhibition of TNF production in the spleen of mice 37 . Resistance exercise was able to decrease oxidative stress and TNF‐α content in the heart of mice with diet‐induced obesity 38 . In a study involving university students, moderate‐intensity exercise decreased depression and promoted mental health by decreasing TNF‐α 39 .…”

“…37 Resistance exercise was able to decrease oxidative stress and TNF-α content in the heart of mice with diet-induced obesity. 38 In a study involving university students, moderate-intensity exercise decreased depression and promoted mental health by decreasing TNF-α. 39 In a randomized controlled trial among infertile men, exercise intervention attenuated inflammation as evidenced by reduced levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α.…”

Effect of carbohydrate restriction on oxidative stress response to high‐intensity resistance exercise

“…30 Resistance exercise has also been shown to reduce OS associated with chronic diseases, including Parkinson's disease 31 and obesity. 32 Nonetheless, regarding anaerobic exercise, data are extremely limited and-to our knowledge-no study has investigated the effects of chronic HIRE training. In conclusion, the present data are unique in demonstrating that an acute session of resistance exercise does significantly increase plasma glucose, MDA, and TNF-α.…”

“…While the majority of literature has investigated and reported chronic anti‐oxidative responses of aerobic exercise, some have reported improved antioxidant status from resistance and anaerobic training as well . Resistance exercise has also been shown to reduce OS associated with chronic diseases, including Parkinson's disease and obesity . Nonetheless, regarding anaerobic exercise, data are extremely limited and—to our knowledge—no study has investigated the effects of chronic HIRE training.…”

Cardioprotective Effects of Resistance Training on Obesity

“…Experimental model of high fat diet-induced obesity aims to reproduce the characteristics observed in human, such as the development of cardiovascular abnormalities. 4,5 The study of Effting et al 6 evaluated the effects of resistance training on parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity.…”