Ocular biometry and central corneal thickness in children: a hospital-based study

Gül, Adem; Çinal, Adnan; Yaşar, Tekin; Kılıç, Adil

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20140039

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A slow increase in central corneal thickness and ACD until 10 years of age was observed [ 35 , 37 ]. Our results, measuring CCT 539.21 ± 30.15 μm compare favorably with earlier studies of similar age groups [ 36 , 38 ], however, these published data are not within the emmetropic refractive range. In the Gutenberg Eye Study, mean CCT was 557.3 ± 34.3 μm in male and 551.6 ± 35.2 μm in female adult subjects (age range 35–74 years) [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Macular perfusion normative data acquired with optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy four-year-old Caucasian children

et al. 2021

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Background The purpose of this cross-sectional study involving healthy emmetropic four-year-old Caucasian children was to provide a macular perfusion normative database acquired with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). One eye of each examinee underwent OCTA imaging. The following parameters were analyzed using AngioTool Image J software: vessels area (VA), vessels density (VD), total number of junctions (TNJ), junctions density (JD), total vessel length (TVL), average vessel length (AVL), total number of endpoints (TNEP), lacunarity (L), vessel diameter index (VDI), tortuosity (T) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Average central macular thickness (CMT) and average central macular volume (CMV) were measured. Result Sixty-two eyes of 62 children of average age 50.4 ± 3.8 months were examined. VA, VD, and T increased from the inner towards the outer layers of the retina. The intermediate capillary plexus had the highest JD and TNEP and narrowest FAZ. Retinal sexual differentiation was supported with higher values of the retinal VA, VDI and TNEP, and chorioretinal VA, VDI and L in males. The choriocapillaris presented with the highest VD, AVL, and T and the lowest L and TNEP. Conclusion The study provides the first detailed normative database of the macular vascular network in the youngest uniform cohort of emmetropic four-year-old children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Macular perfusion normative data acquired with optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy four-year-old Caucasian children

et al. 2021

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“…Although there was a significant difference among three subgroups regarding IOP, CDV, and LT values, this was not important clinically because these values were within the normal limits for their age group. 21,22 This study has also supported the previous publications reporting that intravitreal anti-VEGF monotherapy is an effective and favorable first-line treatment option in cases with treatment requiring ROP located at posterior zone, and the treatment effect also continued in the late period. However, there is still incomplete maturation of the retina after treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…According to the comparison, there was no statistically significant difference regarding strabismus, AL, and refractive status among bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept subgroups ( P = 0.563). Although there were significant differences among three subgroups regarding IOP, CDV, and LT, all the values were within normal limits for the age groups, 21,22 and cataract was not detected in any patient during examinations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Long-Term Effects of Anti-Vegf Monotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity on the Retinal and Refractive Development of Eye

Sukgen

Atalay

Özdek

2022

Retina

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Purpose: To evaluate vascular maturation of retina, axial, refractive, and foveal development after anti-VEGF treatment including bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept in infants with treatment requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in long term.Methods: This retrospective chart review study included children with a history of any anti-VEGF monotherapy for ROP in Zone 1 or posterior Zone 2 who have reached at least 24 months of corrected age. The records of ophthalmologic examination including strabismus evaluation, visual acuity measurement, refractive and axial measurements, optical coherence tomography, and fundus fluorescein angiography examinations with RetCam III were reviewed.Results: A total of 36 eyes of 18 children met the inclusion criteria. The mean gestational age at birth was 27.8 6 2.13 (23-30) weeks, and ocular assessments were performed between 33 and 61.5 (mean: 42.58 6 8.6) months of corrected age. Treatment was with bevacizumab in 10 eyes, with ranibizumab in 14 eyes, and with aflibercept in 12 eyes. The mean spherical equivalent was 20.25 6 1.82; axial length was 20.816 0.62 mm. There was no significant difference among three anti-VEGF groups regarding the abnormal vascular retinal development (P = 0.183) or leakage (P = 0.842) on fluorescein angiography.Conclusion: All the anti-VEGF agents provided similar adequate axial and refractive development as well as similar abnormal vascular development in the peripheral retina. The long-term impact of this abnormally vascularized peripheral retina is a curiosity issue. From this point of view, it is an important need to determine the follow-up period and method after the anti-VEGF treatment for ROP.

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“…Some researchers believe that the increase or decrease in the corneal thickness with age is not a steady trend and may be unpredictable considering the lifestyle and environmental exposures 32 Table 4Comparison of mean central corneal thickness (CCT) values in different studies.Study year and countryAge group (year)Mean ± SD of CCT (μm)Measurement tools2014, Turkey 19 1–12556.00 (In 1–2 years old)555.00 (In 11–12 years old)Ultrasound biometry2016, Mexico 20 Under 20558.82 ± 37.39Ultrasonic pachymetry2016, Iran 21 6–13513.47 ± 33.88Specular microscopy2012, Turkey 22 5–18557.91 ± 34.26Ultrasonic pachymeter2011, Malaysia 23 8–16530.87 ± 30.79Specular microscopy2010, Italy 24 7–17570.61 ± 37.4 (In patients with growth defect)546.00 ± 24.9 (In healthy group)Hand held ultrasound pachymeter2009, Turkey 25 mean age: 10.3576.9 ± 41.8(In diabetes mellitus group)521.00 ± 16.6 (Control group)Ultrasound pachymeter2008, USA 26 10–18535.00 ± 35 (In African American)559.00 ± 38 (In white children)Contact ultrasound2002, Iran 27 14–19575.10 ± 44.50Orbscan II2012, Iran 28 6–18549.33 (95% CI: 546.59–552.07)LENSTAR/BioGraphCCT: Central corneal thickness.CI: Confidence intervals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of corneal thickness and its determinants in 6–12-year-old children in an Iranian general population

Hashemi

Saatchi

Khabazkhoob

et al. 2019

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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Purpose To determine the central corneal thickness (CCT), apex, and paracentral thicknesses and their determinants in children aged 6–12 years. Methods The present study was part of the phase 1 of Shahroud School Children Eye Cohort Study in 2015. Cluster sampling was done in urban areas while all children were invited to participate in the study in rural areas. The Pentacam HR was used for measurements. CCT was measured within the central 3 mm zone of the cornea, and corneal thickness 3 mm further from the center was considered paracentral thickness. Results Of 6624 students who were selected, 5620 (84.8%) participated in the study. Among 4956 students, studied in this report, 52.2% were boys, and the mean age of the study participants was 9.75 ± 1.71 years (6–12). The mean CCT and apical thickness was 556.29 ± 34.04 and 557.43 ± 34.03 μm, respectively. The mean paracentral thickness was 657.62 ± 39.11 μm in the superior, 632.65 ± 37.63 μm in the inferior, 648.64 ± 38.75 μm in the nasal, and 617.36 ± 37.19 μm in the temporal region. A multiple regression model showed that CCT decreased by 4.70 μm with every 1 diopter increase in the mean keratometry and increased by 20.06 μm with every 1 mm increase in the anterior chamber depth (ACD) (Both P -Value < 0.001). Age, sex, ethnicity and residence place were also found to be associated with CCT. Conclusions This study is the first to describe the distribution of corneal thickness in Iranian children with a large sample size. This study showed that corneal thickness was significantly correlated with younger age, female gender, urban residence, and a number of biometric variables.

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Ocular biometry and central corneal thickness in children: a hospital-based study

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Macular perfusion normative data acquired with optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy four-year-old Caucasian children

Macular perfusion normative data acquired with optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy four-year-old Caucasian children

Long-Term Effects of Anti-Vegf Monotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity on the Retinal and Refractive Development of Eye

Distribution of corneal thickness and its determinants in 6–12-year-old children in an Iranian general population

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