Variação anual na abertura do dossel, temperatura e umidade do ar no sub-bosque de três ambientes florestais no sul da Bahia, Brasil

Abstract

Aiming at contributing to the knowledge of physical factors affecting community structure in Atlantic Forestremnants of southern Bahia state, Brazil, we analyzed the annual variation in the understory microclimateof a hillside forest fragment in the ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra do Teimoso’ (RST)and a rustic cacao agroforestry system (Cabruca), located nearby the RST. Canopy openness (CO), airtemperature (Ta), air relative humidity (RH) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) data were collected betweenApril, 2005 and April, 2006 at the base (RSTB, 340 m) and the top (RSTT, 640 m) of the RST and at theCabruca (CB, 250 m). Data of rainfall, Ta, RH and VPD were also collected in an open area (OA, 270 m).The highest rainfalls (> 100 mm) occurred in November, 2005 and April, 2006, whereas October, 2005was the driest month (< 20 mm). CO ranged between 2.5 % in the CB (April, 2006) and 7.7 % in theRST (October, 2005). Low rainfall in October, 2005 affected VPDmax in all sites. Those effects were morepronounced in OA, followed by CB, RSTB and RSTT. During the period of measurements, the values of Ta,RH and VPD in CB were closer to the values measured in OA than to the values measured inside the forest

Microclimate in understories of a mango orchard and a degraded area in the Eastern Amazon

“…The influence of vegetative cover was greater during the diurnal period than during the nocturnal period, mainly in the late dry season, causing greater alteration in the maximum temperature than in the minimum (Figure 3), corroborating Pezzopane et al (2010). Different intensities of tree cover systems influence the amelioration of microclimate as observed in this study; agreeing with the results obtained by Pinheiro et al (2013) when the average air temperature in a forest understory area and a shaded cacao crop were compared. Air thermal amplitude in the understory differed between the mango orchard and the degraded area (p<0.001) ( Table 1).…”

“…Similar results were observed in São Carlos, where average air temperature was reduced by 0.25ºC in the forest understory with more vegetation coverage in comparison with the other understory (Pezzopane et al, 2015). This was lower than the results found in Jussari, Bahia State, where the reduction of the average air temperature was 1.25°C in the understory of the forest areas and a shaded cacao crop (Theobroma cacao L.) (Pinheiro et al, 2013). For air temperature in the understory, vegetation was the most important factor to soften…”

“…The presence of trees reduces the average air temperature by 1.25ºC (Pinheiro et al, 2013), the maximum air temperature by 0.77ºC (Pezzopane et al, 2015), the air thermal amplitude by 2.40ºC, and the vapor pressure deficit of the understory by 0.34 kPa (Pezzopane et al, 2010). Therefore, planting trees may ameliorate understory microclimate (Pezzopane et al, 2010;2015;Pinheiro et al, 2013), especially in degraded areas with a history of land use changes.…”

“…Therefore, planting trees may ameliorate understory microclimate (Pezzopane et al, 2010;2015;Pinheiro et al, 2013), especially in degraded areas with a history of land use changes.…”

Ecological significance of wood anatomy of Alseis pickelii Pilg. & Schmale (Rubiaceae) in a Tropical Dry Forest

“…Consequently these gaps induce the growth of secondary vegetation (Whitmore 1989) and promote qualitative changes in irradiance, humidity and temperature (Pinheiro et al 2013). This forest fragmentation has been continuing over the years due to deforestation caused by the production of coal, farming and selective logging (Silva & Nascimento 2001;Villela et al 2006).…”