Neotropical Entomology 36 (2):197-202 (2007) A. schrankiae depositavam seus ovos sobre os frutos e as larvas, ao eclodirem, perfuravam o exocarpo, alcançando as sementes. A maioria semente. O maior valor da razão "número de ovos/fruto" e a maior porcentagem de sementes predadas foram registrados em abril. A matéria seca total e das sementes não predadas, a proporção de sementes predadas, quadrantes das copas das árvores. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, herbivoria, interação inseto-planta Acanthoscelides schrankiae Horn. feeding in seeds of Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze. We investigated the pattern of oviposition and seed exploitation by A. schrankiae the percentage of predated seeds, the total dry weight of fruits and non-predated seeds, the percentage of aborted seeds, and the percentage of non-emergent insects, among different quadrants of the M. bimucronata canopy. To determine the occurring species, the emergence of bruchids and parasitoids was observed in the laboratory, resulting altogether, only in individuals of A. schrankiae and Horismenus sp. (Hymenoptera:Females of A. schrankiae laid their eggs on fruits, and larvae, after emergence, perforated the exocarp to reach the seeds. Most fruits presented one to three eggs and only one bruchid larva was observed in each seed. The highest value of the rate "number of eggs/fruit" and the highest percentage of predated seeds were recorded in April. Dry weight of fruits (total) and seeds (non-predated), proportions of predated seeds, seed abortions, and non-emergent seed predators, were evenly distributed in the canopy.KEY WORDS: Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, herbivory, insect-plant interaction for regulating plant community structure and composition (Janzen 1971) since it acts as a selective force affecting abundance, distribution and evolution of plants (Harper et al. 1970). Among the most important seed predators are the insects, mainly Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera and Hemiptera orders (Janzen 1971, Zhang et al. 1997. Bruchid beetles (Coleoptera) (62 genera worldwide) are