Current state of cannabis use, policies, and research across sixteen countries: cross-country comparisons and international perspectives

Ransing, Ramdas; Rosa, Pedro Antonio de la; Pereira-Sánchez, Víctor; Handuleh, Jibril; Jerotić, Stefan; Gupta, Anoop; Karaliūnienė, Rūta; Filippis, Renato de; Peyron, Eric; Güngör, Ekin Sönmez; Boujraf, Saïd; Yee, Anne; Vahdani, Bita; Shoib, Sheikh; Stowe, M. J.; Jaguga, Florence; Dannatt, Lisa; Silva, Alexandre Kieslich da; Grandinetti, Paolo; Jatchavala, Chonnakarn

doi:10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0263

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…One unexpected finding in this study is that no one from the sample population has admitted to the recent use of cannabis and shisha. This finding is different from previous studies in which there was a high prevalence of cannabis and shisha use in the Ethiopian community ( 61 , 62 ). The possible reason might be that previous studies were conducted in a specific area where the products are produced and available in the community.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and determinant factors of substance use among the youth in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

et al. 2023

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BackgroundIn Ethiopia, the youth are more exposed to substances such as alcohol, Khat, and tobacco than other populations. Despite the seriousness of the situation, low- and middle-income nations, particularly Ethiopia, have intervention gaps. Service providers must be made more aware of relevant evidence to combat these problems. This research focused on finding out how common substance abuse is among teenagers and the factors that influence it.MethodsThe 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data were used for secondary data analysis. This survey includes all young people aged 15 to 24 years. The total sample size was 10,594 people. Due to the hierarchical nature of the survey data, a multilevel logistic regression model was employed to uncover the individual- and community-level characteristics related to substances.ResultsIn Ethiopia, the overall current prevalence of occasional or daily substance use 30 days prior to the survey was 46.74%. Of the participants, 36.34, 12.56, and 0.95% were drinking alcohol, chewing Khat, and smoking cigarettes/any tobacco products, respectively. Male sex, 20–24 years of age, exposure to media, having a job, and living in large central and metropolitan regions were the factors associated with the problem.ConclusionAccording to the 2016 EDHS, substance use among young people is widespread in Ethiopia. To lower the prevalence of substance use among youth, policymakers must increase the implementation of official rules, such as restricting alcohol, Khat, and tobacco product marketing to minors, prohibiting smoking in public places, and banning mass-media alcohol advertising. Specific interventions targeting at-risk populations, such as youth, are mainly required in prominent central and metropolitan locations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and determinant factors of substance use among the youth in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

et al. 2023

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“…Considering the ongoing initiative to legalize recreational use of cannabis for adults in Germany [ 67 ], our data may provide a starting point from which future developments in the extent and prevalence of cannabis use disorders can be evaluated. However, it is clear that long-term longitudinal studies are needed for identifying the developmental conditions that play a role for stability and change of substance (ab) use and dependence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of substance use disorders and associations with mindfulness, impulsive personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in a representative sample of adolescents in Germany

Arnaud

Wartberg

Simon-Kutscher

et al. 2023

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Adolescence is a critical phase for the development of substance use disorders (SUDs). For Europe and Germany, there are limited data on problematic substance use from representative youth samples. Trait mindfulness is relevant in buffering against substance use-related problems and associated deficits in self-regulatory control. The objective of this study is to estimate 12-month prevalence rates for SUDs in a representative sample of adolescents in Germany and to examine associations with mindfulness and related factors such as stress, impulsivity, sensation seeking and symptoms of psychopathology. A sample of 4001 adolescents aged 12–18 years from Germany was surveyed based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for SUDs. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations with mindfulness-related variables. Criteria of at least one of the assessed SUDs were endorsed by 11.2% of the adolescents. Alcohol use disorders had the highest prevalence rate (10.1%) followed by cannabis use disorders (2.6%). For both substances, the criteria for abuse were met about twice as often as those for dependence. The prevalence of cigarette dependence was 1.7%, while the prevalence for e-cigarette dependence was only 0.1%. Prevalence rates were higher for male youth and increasing with age. SUD prevalence was also related to mindfulness, impulsivity and sensation seeking and externalizing symptoms of psychopathology. The statistically significant associations varied across different SUDs. SUDs appear highly prevalent among German adolescents. The results have public health implications with regard to treatment needs and prevention measures in the youth population in Germany.

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“…It is important to emphasize that various aspects of cannabis use vary across countries. Ransing et al demonstrated a higher prevalence of cannabis use among teenagers in countries such as South Africa, Italy and Spain [ 23 ]. Thailand in comparison demonstrated an overall decline in cannabis use across ages [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ransing et al demonstrated a higher prevalence of cannabis use among teenagers in countries such as South Africa, Italy and Spain [ 23 ]. Thailand in comparison demonstrated an overall decline in cannabis use across ages [ 23 ]. While the prevalence demonstrated in our study is lower than that of recent outpatient studies showing rates of active cannabis use of 10-12% [ 24 , 25 ], it is similar to the findings of Dalal et al’s recent cohort reporting 8% active cannabis use among IBD inpatients [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use and Its Association With Thirty- and Ninety-Day Hospital Readmissions for Patients Admitted for an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbation

et al. 2023

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Background: Though viewed as a potentially safer palliative alternative to opioids, studies of cannabis use for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited. The impact of opioids on hospital readmissions for IBD has been extensively examined, but cannabis has not been similarly studied. Our goal was to examine the relationship between cannabis use and the risk of 30-and 90-day hospital readmissions. Methods:We conducted a review of all adults admitted for an IBD exacerbation from January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020 within the Northwell Health Care system. Patients with an IBD exacerbation were identified by primary or secondary ICD10 code (K50.xx or K51.xx) and administration of intravenous (IV) solumedrol and/or biologic therapy. Admission documents were reviewed for the terms "marijuana", "cannabis", "pot" and "CBD".Results: A total of 1,021 patient admissions met inclusion criteria, of whom 484 (47.40%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 542 (53.09%) were female. Pre-admission cannabis use was reported by 74 (7.25%) patients. Factors found to be associated with cannabis use included younger age, male gender, African American/Black race, current tobacco and former alcohol use, anxiety, and depression. Cannabis use was found to be associated with 30-day readmission among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but not among patients with CD, after respectively adjusting each final model by other factors (odds ratio (OR): 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06 -5.79 and OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.22 -1.62, respectively). Cannabis use was not found to be associated with 90-day readmission on univariable analysis (OR:

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Current state of cannabis use, policies, and research across sixteen countries: cross-country comparisons and international perspectives

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

The prevalence and determinant factors of substance use among the youth in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

The prevalence and determinant factors of substance use among the youth in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Prevalence of substance use disorders and associations with mindfulness, impulsive personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in a representative sample of adolescents in Germany

Cannabis Use and Its Association With Thirty- and Ninety-Day Hospital Readmissions for Patients Admitted for an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbation

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