Heterogeneous genetic cows of three genetic groups in feedlot system in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

Borges, Christiano Raphael de Albuquerque; Azevedo, Marcílio de; Lima, Ivalda de Albuquerque; Brasil, Lúcia Helena de Albuquerque; Ferreira, Marcelo de Andrade

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i1.11306

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…During the day, ruminants distribute their time among grazing, rumination, and resting (Mercês et al, 2012). Under heat stress, bovines tend to make changes in their behavior to reduce heat production and/or to promote heat loss by avoiding additional stock of body heat, decreasing grazing time, and increasing resting time (Borges, Azevedo, Lima, Brasil, & Ferreira, 2012). Although grazing time was higher (p < 0.05) in the ICLF system (Table 3), leisure activity was not different between the systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems

Souza

Salman

Cruz

et al. 2019

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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To compare the integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) and crop-livestock (ICL) systems in relation to thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers, a 2 × 2 crossover trial (two system and two periods) was carried out with eight ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gyr heifers in Xaraés–palisade grass pasture under intermittent stocking with 10 days of occupation period and 20 days of resting. In ICLF, crown cover of eucalyptus planted in rows was 65% at the beginning of the experiment. Animal behavior was assessed through bioacoustics by recording heifers’ sounds for 48 hours. Concomitantly, heifers’ internal temperature (IT,°C) was recorded every 10 min using data logger thermometers adapted to hormone-free intravaginal devices. Air temperature and humidity data were collected by thermohygrometers located in the center of ICLF and ICL for calculating Temperature–Humidity Index (THI). According to THI values, ICLF and ICL did not vary in terms of thermal comfort. However, THI indicated moderate stress (82.26±4.40) during day (06:00 to 17:59h) and mild stress (75.76±4.38) at night (18:00 to 05:59h) in both systems. During day, heifers from ICL had significantly (p < 0.05) higher IT (39.51±0.56oC) than those from ICLF (39.41±0.56oC); the former spent more time grazing and less time drinking water in ICLF (581.35±30.1 and 4.87±1.09 min, respectively) when compared with those from ICL (436.88±28.1 and 10.25±1.09 min, respectively). Therefore, although thermal comfort index did not vary between the systems, under moderate stress, crossbred heifers have lower internal temperatures, resulting in longer diurnal grazing and shorter water drinking time in Eucalyptus-shaded pastures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems

Souza

Salman

Cruz

et al. 2019

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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“…The effects of heat stress on the productive efficiency (FACÓ et al, 2002;ALMEIDA et al, 2010), the expression of behaviors indicative of thermal discomfort (BORGES et al, 2012) and thermoregulatory characteristics in summer (LIMA et al, 2013) have been reported for Gyrolando cows. However, research studies on the different genetic groups that make up the Gyrolando breed are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…European-origin breeds are specialized for milk production (FACÓ et al, 2002), while Zebu cattle show increased heat resistance due to differences in metabolic rate, sweating rate, food and water consumption and coat characteristics and color (BLACKSHAW; BLACKSHAW, 1994). However, animals resulting from crossbreeding of the Holstein and Gyr breeds may also be sensitive to heat stress effects, especially those whose genetic composition is closer to the Holstein breed (BORGES et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in holstein-gyr crossbred cows

Cruz¹,

Monteiro²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2016

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to assess physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in crossbred Holstein-Gyr cows in the municipality of Tapira, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. Forty-nine lactating cows from six Holstein (H) and Gyr (G) genetic groups (1/4H 3/4G, 3/8H 5/8G, 1/2H 1/2G, 5/8H 3/8G, 3/4H 1/4G and 7/8H 1/8G) were distributed in a completely randomized design. The dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity were recorded, and the temperature and humidity index (THI) was calculated. The rectal temperature, respiratory rate and body surface temperature were measured, as were hair thickness, numbers, length and angle. Cows with a greater than 50% Holstein breed ratio (5/8H 3/8G, 3/4H 1/4G and 7/8H 1/8G) showed a higher respiratory rate and greater hair length than animals with genetic composition equal to or greater than 50% Zebu (1/2H 1/2G, 3/8H 5/8G and 1/4H 3/4G). Animals from the 1/2 and 1/4 HG genetic groups showed the greatest hair angle (P<0.05). With respect to climatic characteristics, the examined locality was within the thermoneutral zone and therefore did not impose conditions of thermal stress. The animals exhibited thermoregulation and hair coat characteristics that were within physiological parameters.

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“…A inter-relação entre animal e ambiente determina a zona de termoneutralidade para a espécie, raça e também o individuo. As vacas de origem europeia e alta produção leiteira são mais sensíveis ao estresse térmico e podem não expressar totalmente seu potencial; no entanto, animais mestiços também podem sofrer com o estresse térmico (Borges et al 2012). Os dados são diversificados, e até mesmo não estabelecidos para raças mestiças; a zona de termoneutralidade não considera outros fatores que influenciam no estresse térmico como umidade, velocidade do vento e radiação solar.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Índices de estresse e conforto térmico associados aos parâmetros fisiológicos e perfil energético em vacas Girolando criadas a pasto na savana tropical

Marins

Almeida

Lôbo

et al. 2020

RSD

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This longitudinal observational study was developed to describe thermal stress indexes, the physiological response, and the energy status in Girolando cows raised on pasture in the tropical savannah during the transition and voluntary waiting periods. Twenty Girolando cows were evaluated. The temperature and humidity index (UTI) and the globe temperature and humidity index (ITGU) were measured daily, and cows were assessed and submitted to blood collection at time intervals distributed among the three weeks before calving until the 60th day postpartum. Rectal Temperature, Heart Rate, and Respiratory Rate (TR, FC, and FR) were measured in the morning (6:00 - 8:00 hours) and the afternoon (14:00 - 16:00 hours). TR and FR were used to calculate the Benezra Comfort Index (ICB) and FR to calculate the Iberian Heat Tolerance Index (ITCI). The energy status was evaluated by the levels of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (AGNEs), beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), triglycerides, cholesterol, and HDL. In the period of 8:00 to 16:00 hours, the mean values of ITU ranged from 73.5 to 78.7 and of ITGU from 81.8 to 88.2, characterizing exposure to thermal stress condition. The variables FC, FR, and TR, differed between morning and afternoon (p<0,05), as well as the ICB and ITCI (P<0,01). Mean glucose levels were similar in prepartum, with a drop on the day of calving, reaching the lowest level on the 5th day postpartum. For AGNEs, the highest value was found on the day of calving, with a subsequent decrease (p<0,05); βHB decreased until the week before calving and increased both on the day of calving and after (p>0.05). From the day of calving, triglyceride levels decreased (p<0,05), but cholesterol and HDL increased (p<0,05). As for the reproductive variables, the first service was influenced by the ITU and ITGU at the time of the first service, as well as by the ICB and ITCI. The environmental indexes indicated that Girolando cows suffered thermal stress during the afternoon period, but this did not influence the energy status during the transition and voluntary waiting periods, which remained within the expected metabolic status in this productive phase of the dairy cow. Correlations between comfort index (ICB) and heat tolerance (ITCI) with respiratory rate and rectal temperature indicate that they should be used to assess the thermal comfort of Girolando cows raised on pasture in the tropical savannah.

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Heterogeneous genetic cows of three genetic groups in feedlot system in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems

Thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems

Physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in holstein-gyr crossbred cows

Índices de estresse e conforto térmico associados aos parâmetros fisiológicos e perfil energético em vacas Girolando criadas a pasto na savana tropical

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