Tempo de cultivo e tamanho do recipiente na formação de mudas de Copernicia hospita

Abstract

RESUMO.Mesmo tendo-se avançando nas técnicas de produção de mudas, ainda existem muitos problemas a serem solucionados, principalmente no que se refere ao desenvolvimento do sistema radicular das mudas, em função das características dos recipientes utilizados. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito do tamanho do recipiente e do tempo de cultivo da planta na produção de mudas de Copernicia hospita Martius. Sementes extraídas de frutos em estádio visual de maturação foram pré-germinadas e semeadas em sacos plásticos de 20 x 30, 28 x 40 e 40 x 60 cm, contendo como substrato a mistura de arisco + areia vermelha + esterco bovino curtido (2:1:1). Após a semeadura, os recipientes foram mantidos por três, seis ou nove meses em pleno sol. Nenhum dos recipientes analisados, durante seus respectivos períodos de cultivo, influenciou as variáveis de crescimento utilizadas na avaliação das respostas da planta. O tamanho dos recipientes não influenciou na formação das mudas de C. hospita; contudo, em função da economia e praticidade, recomenda-se a utilização do recipiente com dimensões de 20 x 30 cm. O tempo de cultivo, de nove meses, forma mudas mais vigorosas.Palavras-chave: palmeira, propagação, restrição radicular.ABSTRACT. Growth period and plastic pots for Copernicia hospita nursery plants production. Even though advances have been made in the techniques of seedling production, there are still many problems to be solved, especially with regard to the development of the root system of seedlings, depending on the containers used. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of recipient size and the plant cultivation time in the production of C. hospita seedlings. Seeds of carnauba (Copernicia hospita Martius) obtained from mature fruit, were pre-germinated and sown in plastic 20 x 30, 28 x 40 and 40 x 60 cm bags, within a substrate of sandy loam + red sand + cured cow manure (2:1:1). After sowing, the bags were kept for 3, 6 or 9 months at a place with direct sunlight. The variables of growth of the plants were not influenced either by the size of the recipients or by the periods of exposure. Although the size of the bags did not influence the development of the plants, the 20 x 30 cm size should be more practical and economical to be used. The 9 months growth period gave more vigorous plants.

Size of Containers in the Production of Flamboyant Seedlings

“…This fact may be linked to the balanced growth between the different organs of the plant in these containers, considering that there was no change in the relative distribution of dry matter with the size variation of the container. These values are superior to the ones obtained by Oliveira et al (2011), who, while evaluating three container sizes (20 × 30 cm; 28 × 40 cm, and 40 × 60 cm) to produce Copernicia hospita seedlings (Copernicia hospita Martius, Palmae family), obtained values between 0.23 and 1.87 for this variable. According to Brissette et al (1991), the best relation between these parameters should have a value of 2.0.…”

“…The choice of the container's size is very important in seedling production because containers that have a volume that is superior to the recommended one result in unnecessary expenditures with substrates, use more nursery area, and increase the costs with transportation, maintenance, and distribution of the seedlings on the field, which directly affect the seedlings' final quality and cost (Oliveira et al, 2011;Cruz et al, 2016). The use of improper containers may result in the malformation of the seedlings' root system in the nursery, promoting an abnormal distribution of the side and top roots, which may result in a smaller level of survival of the seedlings in the field (Mafia et al, 2005;Lima et al, 2006).…”

“…According to Oliveira et al (2011), the production of arboreal species seedlings can be performed using containers of several types and sizes, from which the most used ones are polyethylene bags, due to their greater availability and smaller price.…”

Emergência e estabelecimento de plântulas de pinhão manso em função de posições e profundidades de semeadura

“…Cabe destacar a relevância da obtenção de valores adequados desta variável para o desenvolvimento de plântulas vigorosas de modo que a literatura científica tem relatado que o maior diâmetro do coleto é uma característica desejável em mudas porque garante sua maior sustentação, mas não deve ser utilizado como o melhor dos indicadores de padrão de qualidade (Oliveira et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2011;Cargnelutti Filho et al, 2012). O diâmetro de colo está associado a um desenvolvimento mais acentuado da parte aérea, em especial do sistema radicular; logo, é provável que uma proporção elevada entre raiz e caule, favoreça a sobrevivência e o desenvolvimento da muda após o plantio.…”

Quantitative analysis of jatropha growth: micronutrient delivery system and NPK combined effects

“…Poorter et al (2012) emphasize that the relative amount of biomass present in the various organs, namely 'biomass allocation', is not fixed but may vary over time, across environments and among species. Therefore, a quantitative understanding of such patterns has many uses in agricultural practice and implementation, as these patterns, and the extent to which they vary among species, set limits on biomass production and utilization (REICH, 2002;OLIVEIRA et al, 2011;POORTER et al, 2012;BELTRÃO et al, 2016).…”