Teor e composição química do óleo essencial de Hyptis marrubioides Epl., Lamiaceae em função da sazonalidade

Abstract

RESUMO.Os óleos essenciais são princípios odoríferos armazenados em células especiais da planta. O óleo essencial no gênero Hyptis é usado como anestésico, antiespasmódico, antiinflamatório e pode induzir aborto em doses elevadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da sazonalidade no teor e composição do óleo essencial de Hyptis marrubioides. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (inverno, primavera, verão e outono) e seis repetições, totalizando 60 plantas. O óleo essencial foi extraído por hidrodestilação, em aparelho de Clevenger. A análise qualitativa do óleo essencial foi por cromatografia em fase gasosa (CG/EM). Na estação do verão, as folhas das plantas de H. marrubiodes apresentaram os maiores teores de óleo essencial. Nas demais estações, os teores de óleo essencial obtidos foram semelhantes entre si. Os componentes majoritários no óleo essencial foram os monoterpenoides α-tujona e β-tujona. As concentrações relativas dos picos correspondentes à β-tujona não apresentaram diferenças consideráveis nas quatro estações. Os sesquiterpenoides oxigenados (cedrol e cariofilenol) e não-oxigenados (α-copaeno, α-cariofileno, germacreno D e cadaleno) foram encontrados em menores quantidades no óleo essencial, entretanto observam-se diferenças quantitativas ao longo das estações.Palavras-chave: óleo essencial, avaliação sazonal, CG-EM. ABSTRACT. Content and chemical composition of Hyptis marrubioides essential oil in function of seasons.Essential oils are odorous principles stored in special plant cells. The essential oil in the Hyptis genus is traditionally used as an anesthetic, antispasmodic, antiinflammatory, and can induce abortion in high doses. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of seasons in essential oil content and chemical composition of species H. marrubioides. A completely randomized complete design was used with four treatments (winter, spring, summer and autumn) and six replications, totaling 60 plants. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus. The qualitative analysis of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography (GC/MS). In summer, plant leaves showed higher essential oil content. In the other seasons, essential oil content was similar. The major compounds in the essential oil were monoterpene α-thujone and β-thujone. The peak relative concentrations of β-thujone did not show considerable difference among the seasons. The oxygenate sesquiterpenoids (cedrol and caryophyllenol) and not oxygenate (α-copaene, α-caryophyllene, germacrene D and cadalene), were found in lower quantity in the essential oil; however, quantitative differences were observed over the seasons.

Chemical Composition, Larvicidal Activity, and Enzyme Inhibition of the Essential Oil of Lippia grata Schauer from the Caatinga Biome against Dengue Vectors

“…Thus, the results of the chemical composition of the essential oil, in the present work, suggest the presence of another chemotype of L. grata, with a predominance of thymol and 1,8-cineole in the Caatinga biome. According to Botrel et al [36], the chemical composition and essential oil content of aromatic plants are influenced by atmospheric temperature and precipitation. According to Gobbo-Neto and Lopes [37], the time of collection of essential oils can also affect the composition, since the quantity and nature of the active constituents are variable during the year.…”

Phytochemical screening of Cordia glabrata (MART.) A.DC. extracts and its potential antioxidant, photoprotective, antimicrobial and antiviral activities

“…Plants are a stand out for providing substances with potential biological activity from their secondary metabolism (Tanase et al, 2019). Factors such as seasonality, temperature, water availability, nutrients, air pollution, mechanical stimuli, and attacks by pathogens, herbivores, and insects can influence the concentration and/or constitution of these metabolites (Botrel et al, 2010;Vizzotto et al, 2010). Furthermore, the discovery and supply of secondary metabolites with potential biological activity bring about great interest for the development of new products by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and agrochemical industries (Jaradat et al, 2018;Moreira-Araújo et al, 2019).…”

Seasonal variation in the essential oil from Varronia curassavica Jacq. accessions

“…Multidisciplinary studies are critical to understanding how plants relate to the environment and the possible consequences of these relationships. The origin of the target materials, growing environment, availability of water and nutrients, seasonality, and the temperature to which the plant is subjected influence the content and chemical composition of essential oils (Kutchan, 2001;Sales et al, 2009), as well as the time of collection of the vegetal material (Botrel et al, 2010;Gasparetto et al, 2017). Intrinsic factors associated with the plant also interfere in the behavior of essential oils and are related to the phenological stage of the plant (Bose et al, 2013).…”