Early visual changes in diabetic patients with no retinopathy measured by color discrimination and electroretinography.

Abstract

Early visual changes caused by diabetes include color vision losses and an abnormal full-field electroretinogram. The purpose of this study was to evaluate color vision in type 2 diabetic patients with no clinically detectable retinopathy using an objective psychophysical color vision test, evaluate retinal function assessed by full-field electroretinography ( ff ERG), and verify the agreement among the changes detected by each of these tests. Color vision was tested and ff ERG was performed in 34 diabetic patients (20 males; ages 56 ± 9 years). Results were compared with those obtained from age-matched control groups. Color discrimination losses occurred in all three color-confusion axes with a higher incidence on the protan axis. The fullfield electroretinographic data indicated that inner retinal components (i.e., ff ERG oscillatory potentials) were more affected than outer retinal components, indicating impairment of second-and third-order retinal neurons early in the disease. Previous studies reported tritan losses as a classic color vision defect in diabetes, but our results showed that all three color-confusion axes (i.e., protan, deutan, and tritan) are compromised, at least during the very early stages of the disease, reflecting a diffuse pattern of color vision loss. The full-field electroretinographic results that showed abnormalities of the inner retina support the color vision findings.

Normative values for a tablet computer-based application to assess chromatic contrast sensitivity

“…However, as this finding is similar to the CCT Trivector test (J.D. Mollon, 2000), with the exception of the game 3 blue-yellow test, and given that the CCT Trivector test has been used to report statistically significant differences in color vision in people with diabetes (Gualtieri, Feitosa-Santana, Lago, Nishi, & Ventura, 2013), above community levels of exposure to occupational solvents (Costa et al, 2012) and in smokers (Fernandes & Santos, 2017), it may be reasoned that the tablet-computer-based games have the same potential to provide clinically significant measures.…”

Safety and acceptability of an organic light-emitting diode sleep mask as a potential therapy for retinal disease

“…These participants performed worse across all study variables including daytime alertness, psychological wellbeing, and retinal structure/function when compared with healthy volunteers with similar ages (Group B). This is not unexpected for retinal structure and function, especially colour dysfunction 23 but less familiar to ophthalmology for poor wellbeing and alertness. Visually impaired people have reported lowered alertness and performance parameters 24 and people with diabetes suppressed neuropsychological test scores compared with agematched controls.…”

Avaliação das vias do sistema visual por eletrorretinograma e testes psicofísicos na Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne e na Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1

“…Sendo assim a DM desencadeia na retina dano em dois de seus componentes: neural e vascular (Zemel, 2002;Barber et al, 2011;Gualtieri, Feitosa-Santana, Lago, Nishi, & Ventura, 2013). A relação de causa-efeito entre os danos vasculares e a degeneração neural na DM precisa de maiores esclarecimentos (Nakahara et al 2013).…”

“…Os resultados nos protocolos Trivector e Ellipses do CCT mostram diferenças significativas entre pacientes diabéticos sem retinopatia e grupo controle (Gualtieri et al, 2013) A escolha deste grupo experimental para este estudo está relacionada ao dano na camada interna da retina. …”

“…O aumento da amplitude na resposta ao estímulo senoidal é observado com o bloqueio da via ON (Kondo & Sieving, 2002). Além disso, as respostas das vias ON e OFF na frequência de 12 Hz apresentam a mesma amplitude, mas com 180º de diferença em fase para indivíduos em condições normais (Odom et al, 1992 O CCT também é aplicado em pacientes com DM2, havendo alteração nos três eixos de confusão (Gualtieri et al, 2013 A DM1 é uma doença com fisiopatologia discutida em relação ao desenvolvimento da RD (Fong et al, 2004, van Dijk et al, 2010, Barber, Gardner, & Abcouwer, 2011Nakahara et al, 2013, Kern & Berkowitz, 2015.…”