TV Broadcasters and Research on TV and Children

Abstract

Este artículo describe las principales aportaciones de las televisiones españolas al estudio y reformulación de la relación entre televisión e infancia. La necesidad de recabar y organizar a lo largo del tiempo esas contribuciones justifica este trabajo. Los contenidos infantiles de calidad, el consumo infantil de televisión, y el papel de las cadenas televisivas para trasladar a la ciudadanía una imagen positiva de la infancia, han sido los ejes vertebradores sobre los que se ha fundamentado este texto. Los datos aportados son el resultado de un estudio llevado a cabo desde el Ob­servatorio Comunicación y Sociedad. Metodológicamente, la consulta de bibliografía científica sobre la televisión y la infancia ha permitido contextualizar este estudio. Posteriormente, la utilización de una microencuesta a los responsables de contenidos infantiles de las principales cadenas televisivas españolas, y el análisis de las diferentes experiencias y documentos de trabajo elaborados por las televisiones, han permitido construir un escenario con las principales aportaciones de las emisoras a un nuevo paradigma que mejore la relación de los menores con la televisión. Las conclusiones más destacadas extraídas del análisis y de las consultas con los expertos apuntan a que, salvo en el caso de la televisión pública estatal y de algunas televisiones autonómicas, la investigación y reformulación del binomio infancia/televisión no es un objetivo prioritario para las cadenas. De hecho, solo TVE tiene producción científica relevante en la materia.This paper describes the main contributions of the TV broadcasters in Spain to the study of the relationships be­tween television and childhood. It is justified by the need of compile and organise these contributions. Quality contents broadcasted for children, children consumption of television and the role of TV channels to transfer a positive image of the childhood have been the mainstays of this text. The information that we report is the result of the study carried out from Observatorio Comunicación y Sociedad. Methodologically, consulting scientific bibliography about television and childhood has made possible to put our study into context. After that, the use of questionnaire to people responsible of contents broadcasted for children by the main Spanish TV channels, and the analysis of the different experiences and work papers prepared by televisions, have allowed to create a setting with the broadcasters’ main contributions to a new paradigm which improves the relationship between minors and television. The conclusion from the analysis and the consultation to experts point that, except in the case of the public state television and some regional televisions, the research and the redesign of the childhood/television relationship is not one of the channels priorities. In fact, only TVE has an important scientific production in this field

Adolescent television consumers: Self-perceptions about their rights

“…and films followed by programmes of humour and critical analysis, adult cartoons, sports programmes and sport (Arar teko, 2009;AIMC, 2008 The majority of those questioned considered that in the television programmes they usually watched, rights were respected, although there was a significant percentage who detected shortcomings or infringements of the same (ATR-Villanueva, 2009;CEAC-CU, 2008;Medina & Méndiz, 2012;Núñez, 2012). The latter leads us to reflect on the different aspects and behaviour which require improvement, as well as initiatives which should be followed to ensure that due protection is afforded to childhood and adolescents (Ortiz, Ruiz & Díaz, 2013). The violation of rights is seen more clearly with respect to some rights than others, although it is always detected to a greater degree by the older participants and those from a higher sociocultural level but equally by girls and boys.…”

La señalización de los contenidos en las principales cadenas de televisión españolas

“…Muestra de ese interés por el binomio infancia-comunicación ha sido el importante trabajo desarrollado, en este sentido, en el seno de las universidades y de la televisión pública estatal españolas (Ortiz Sobrino et al, 2013).…”

Content rating and labelling in the main Spanish televisions

“…For more than half a century the relationship between children and the media has been a subject of concern and study for different areas of knowledge. An important example of the interest on the children-media binary is the work carried out by Spanish universities and national public television companies (Ortiz Sobrino et al, 2013).…”