Melatonin, aging, and COVID-19: Could melatonin be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment in  the elderly?

Öztürk, Güler; Akbulut, K. Gonca; Güney, Şevin

doi:10.3906/sag-2005-356

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Melatonin levels decline considerably with aging, which is associated with several age-related diseases as oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Studies focused on the relationship between melatonin and aging suggest an indirect antiviral effect [ 66 ] and the modulation of immune response and neuroinflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 [ 67 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of Micronutrients and Bioactive Compounds on Immune System Supporting to Fight against the COVID-19 Disease

Cámara

Sánchez‐Mata

Fernández‐Ruiz

et al. 2021

Foods

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Micronutrients are critical for an adequate function of the immune system and play a vital role in promoting health and nutritional well-being. The present work is aimed at reviewing (1) the role of micronutrients in helping the immune system to fight against the COVID-19 disease through the diet with food or food supplements and (2) the potential use of food health claims regarding immune function according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) requirements. Till date, there are some health claims authorized by the European Commission that refer to the role of certain essential nutrients (vitamins B6, B9, B12, A, D, C, and Cu, Fe, Se) to contribute to the proper functioning of the immune system. Vitamins D, C, Zn, and Se, have been thoroughly studied as a strategy to improve the immune system to fight against COVID-19 disease. From all the micronutrients, Vitamin D is the one with more scientific evidence suggesting positive effects against COVID-19 disease as it is linked to a reduction of infection rates, as well as an improved outcomes in patients. To validate scientific evidence, different clinical trials are ongoing currently, with promising preliminary results although inconclusive yet.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of Micronutrients and Bioactive Compounds on Immune System Supporting to Fight against the COVID-19 Disease

Cámara

Sánchez‐Mata

Fernández‐Ruiz

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Melatonin, such as many other antiparasitic drugs-ivermectin [205][206][207][208][209], doxycycline [210][211][212], metronidazole [213], mefloquine [214], and hydroxychloroquine [215,216]has been suggested as a possible adjuvant agent in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection [217][218][219][220][221]. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potent mitoprotective properties, melatonin might be beneficial in the preservation of mitochondrial functions and neuro-and cardioprotection during infections, whereas clarification of its mechanism of action as antiparasitic agent would be an interesting topic for further research.…”

Section: The Role Of Melatonin In the Treatment Of The Protozoan Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease

Kopustinskienė

Bernatonienė

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Melatonin, an endogenously synthesized indolamine, is a powerful antioxidant exerting beneficial action in many pathological conditions. Melatonin protects from oxidative stress in ischemic/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, decreases inflammation, modulates the immune system, inhibits proliferation, counteracts the Warburg effect, and promotes apoptosis in various cancer models. Melatonin stimulates antioxidant enzymes in the cells, protects mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, especially cardiolipin, from oxidation thus preserving integrity of the membranes, affects mitochondrial membrane potential, stimulates activity of respiratory chain enzymes, and decreases the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin effects in the cells during normal and pathological conditions and possible melatonin clinical applications.

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“…The time spent on clinical trials, using a bioactive compound, such as melatonin, is not supported, due to the lack of protective patents for a natural compound ( 71 ). However, this obstacle has to be surpassed, not only due to its highly safe and effective profile, but also due to its multifactorial and synergic pharmacological actions ( 15 , 72 ).…”

Section: Clinical Trials Using Melatonin To Treat Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineal hormone melatonin as an adjuvant treatment for COVID‑19 (Review)

et al. 2021

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The beneficial properties of the pineal hormone, melatonin, as a neuroprotective and cardioprotective agent, have been previously identified. Furthermore, melatonin plays essential roles in biological rhythms resynchronization, sleep initiation/maintenance and metabolic, ocular, rheumatological diseases. In addition to these functions, melatonin is known to exert immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Due to these properties, coupled with its non-toxic nature, melatonin has been suggested to limit viral infections; however, melatonin cannot be classified as a viricidal drug. In addition, the recent increase in the number of clinical trials on melatonin's role, as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19, has resurged the interest of the scientific community in this hormone. The present short review aimed to improve the understanding of the antiviral/anti-COVID-19 profile of melatonin and the clinical trials that have recently been conducted, with respect to its co-administration in treating individuals with COVID-19.

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Melatonin, aging, and COVID-19: Could melatonin be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment in the elderly?

Cited by 29 publications

References 97 publications

A Review of the Role of Micronutrients and Bioactive Compounds on Immune System Supporting to Fight against the COVID-19 Disease

A Review of the Role of Micronutrients and Bioactive Compounds on Immune System Supporting to Fight against the COVID-19 Disease

Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease

Pineal hormone melatonin as an adjuvant treatment for COVID‑19 (Review)

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