Characterization of the Wheat Leaf Metabolome during Grain Filling and under Varied N-Supply

Abstract

Progress in improving crop growth is an absolute goal despite the influence multifactorial components have on crop yield and quality. An Avalon × Cadenza doubled-haploid wheat mapping population was used to study the leaf metabolome of field grown wheat at weekly intervals during the time in which the canopy contributes to grain filling, i.e., from anthesis to 5 weeks post-anthesis. Wheat was grown under four different nitrogen supplies reaching from residual soil N to a luxury over-fertilization (0, 100, 200, and 350 kg N ha−1). Four lines from a segregating doubled haploid population derived of a cross of the wheat elite cvs. Avalon and Cadenza were chosen as they showed pairwise differences in either N utilization efficiency (NUtE) or senescence timing. 108 annotated metabolites of primary metabolism and ions were determined. The analysis did not provide genotype specific markers because of a remarkable stability of the metabolome between lines. We speculate that the reason for failing to identify genotypic markers might be due to insufficient genetic diversity of the wheat parents and/or the known tendency of plants to keep metabolome homeostasis even under adverse conditions through multiple adaptations and rescue mechanism. The data, however, provided a consistent catalogue of metabolites and their respective responses to environmental and developmental factors and may bode well for future systems biology approaches, and support plant breeding and crop improvement.

Association analysis of phenotypic and metabolomic changes in Arabidopsis accessions and their F₁ hybrids affected by different photoperiod and sucrose supply

“…This result implies an important role(s) for metabolomic reorganization in adapting to new environmental conditions (Caldana et al 2011;Kusano et al 2011b). Additionally, interactive effects of natural multifactorial conditions induce metabolite signatures in plant species (Heyneke et al 2017;Sato and Yanagisawa 2014). Our data also suggest tight interconnections among genotype, photoperiod, and the presence of exogenous Suc affecting the metabolism of carbohydrates, as well as metabolites belonging to the TCA cycle.…”

Nitrogen- and phosphorus-starved Triticum aestivum show distinct belowground microbiome profiles

“…The above observations do not constitute evidence for the existence of undiscovered N-sharing wheat-microbe partnerships, but they are coherent with it. Other such observations include links between the plant’s cultured root microbiome and soil N content [15], links between the plant’s metabolomic profile and soil N content [16, 20], the fact that it can shape its root microbiome through jasmonic acid production [17], the fact that its rhizosphere contains putative N-fixing microorganisms [18], and the fact that T . aestivum can directly receive N from microbes in experimental conditions [19].…”

Identification of Metabolites and Transcripts Involved in Salt Stress and Recovery in Peanut

“…Principal component analysis (PCA) was done using R package “pcaMethods”. R function “cor.test” in “stats” package was used for Pearson correlation analysis (Stacklies et al, 2007 ; Heyneke et al, 2017 ).…”