Addition of Aegilops U and M Chromosomes Affects Protein and Dietary Fiber Content of Wholemeal Wheat Flour

Abstract

Cereal grain fiber is an important health-promoting component in the human diet. One option to improve dietary fiber content and composition in wheat is to introduce genes from its wild relatives Aegilops biuncialis and Aegilops geniculata. This study showed that the addition of chromosomes 2Ug, 4Ug, 5Ug, 7Ug, 2Mg, 5Mg, and 7Mg of Ae. geniculata and 3Ub, 2Mb, 3Mb, and 7Mb of Ae. biuncialis into bread wheat increased the seed protein content. Chromosomes 1Ug and 1Mg increased the proportion of polymeric glutenin proteins, while the addition of chromosomes 1Ub and 6Ub led to its decrease. Both Aegilops species had higher proportions of β-glucan compared to arabinoxylan (AX) than wheat lines, and elevated β-glucan content was also observed in wheat chromosome addition lines 5U, 7U, and 7M. The AX content in wheat was increased by the addition of chromosomes 5Ug, 7Ug, and 1Ub while water-soluble AX was increased by the addition of chromosomes 5U, 5M, and 7M, and to a lesser extent by chromosomes 3, 4, 6Ug, and 2Mb. Chromosomes 5Ug and 7Mb also affected the structure of wheat AX, as shown by the pattern of oligosaccharides released by digestion with endoxylanase. These results will help to map genomic regions responsible for edible fiber content in Aegilops and will contribute to the efficient transfer of wild alleles in introgression breeding programs to obtain wheat varieties with improved health benefits.Key Message: Addition of Aegilops U- and M-genome chromosomes 5 and 7 improves seed protein and fiber content and composition in wheat.

Non-Starch Polysaccharides in Durum Wheat: A Review

“…As mentioned before, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucans are a relatively minor component of durum wheat grain, so investigations of durum genotypes with higher amounts [46][47][48] or wheat-related species such as Aegilops ssp. have been carried out [46,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55] for further genetic-molecular analysis and for the analysis of possible interspecific gene transfer.…”

1RS arm of Secale cereanum ‘Kriszta’ confers resistance to stripe rust, improved yield components and high arabinoxylan content in wheat

“…Crude protein content was assessed from whole grain flour of 40 mg seeds per genotype by the Kjeldahl method 85 using Kjeltec 1035 Analyzer. Glutenin, gliadin, albumin + globulin, and unextractable polymeric protein (UPP% = insoluble glutenin/soluble + insoluble glutenin) content were determined by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) 86 , relative amounts of the HMW glutenin subunits were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) 87 , while total and water extractable pentosans (arabinoxylans -AX) were determined by colorimetry using modified methods described earlier in details 88 .…”

Molecular identification of the stem rust resistance genes in the introgression lines of spring bread wheat

“…Wild relatives of wheat are the valuable reservoir of genetic diversity (Wulff, Moscou, 2014). Studies of introgression lines and the use of their genetic potential in the breeding process are carried out both in Russia (Salina et al, 2015;Baranova et al, 2016;Lapochkina et al, 2017;Leonova, Budashkina, 2017;Sibikeev et al, 2017a) and abroad (Wulff, Moscou, 2014;Ali et al, 2016;Rakszegi et al, 2017). Molecular markers are widely used to identify alien introgression and loci for economically valuable traits, including resistance to disease genes (Miedaner, Korzun, 2012;Leonova, 2013;Yaniv et al, 2015;Ali et al, 2016).…”