2004
DOI: 10.2223/1206
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Abstract: The interleukin-2 levels showed a heterogeneous behavior. We found no association between interleukin-2 levels in nasopharyngeal secretion and respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…In light of all this, Das et al reported that human nasal epithelial cells infected with hRSV exhibits increased levels of IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL5, as compared to non-infected cells (65). Remarkably, IL-2 levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates do not seem to correlate with hRSV infection, as Giugno et al described that the concentration of this cytokine was heterogeneous among infected and non-infected children (99). The secretion of these pro-inflammatory cytokines may be adding to the exacerbated inflammation described in this disease (Figures 1C, 2).…”
Section: Cytokines Induced By Hrsv Infection In the Upper Respiratorymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In light of all this, Das et al reported that human nasal epithelial cells infected with hRSV exhibits increased levels of IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL5, as compared to non-infected cells (65). Remarkably, IL-2 levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates do not seem to correlate with hRSV infection, as Giugno et al described that the concentration of this cytokine was heterogeneous among infected and non-infected children (99). The secretion of these pro-inflammatory cytokines may be adding to the exacerbated inflammation described in this disease (Figures 1C, 2).…”
Section: Cytokines Induced By Hrsv Infection In the Upper Respiratorymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other Th1-associated cytokines are also elevated in the nasal mucosa (IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and TNF-␣) (37,111,112) and in the lungs (IL-1, IL-2, and TNF-␣) (20,113). TNF-␣ levels are highest during the acute phase of infection and then decline during recovery (37,105,(113)(114)(115).…”
Section: Th1 and Th2 Responses To Rsv Infection Th1 Responsesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2000, Graham 14 and others proposed for the first time that children with bronchiolitis are prone to develop asthma, which may be related to the hyper-function of Th2-derived cytokines (interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13). Since then, reports on the immunological mechanism of bronchiolitis have also shown that the expression of IL-2 and interferon-γ in serum decreased and the expression of Th2-derived cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) increased, suggesting that the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and asthma also exist immune imbalances of Th1/Th2 6,15 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%