Novel Peg 4000 Derivatives and Its Use in Controlled Release of Drug Indomethacin

Abstract

The insertion of functional groups in polymer compounds may facilitate their interaction with different drugs. PEG polymers are widely used for their low melting point, low toxicity, drug compatibility, and hydrophilicity. They are used as pharmaceutical excipients for the formulation of conventional or modified released drugs and are designed to be upgraded as drug-modulating controllers at specific sites in the body. Indomethacin has been used in the controlled release of drugs because it is a drug that have good interaction with different polymers. The drug is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondylitis, and other disorders. In this work, PEG 4000 had its chain modified by organic reactions and their derivatives were emulsified to form microparticles using polyvinyl alcohol as an emulsifier. Posteriorly were also incorporated with indomethacin. The samples were characterized to prove the influence of indomethacin on the morphology and thermal behavior of this polymer. The controlled release was performed in the time from 0 to 240 min using the Ultraviolet Spectroscopy to quantify indomethacin released from the polymer matrix for these 4 hours. Releases over the time were satisfactory as concentrations increased over time, which we can conclude that the structural modification of PEG 4000 was beneficial in the release of the indomethacin drug.

Mechanochemical method: a powerful tool to obtain ω-poly(ethylene glycol)-functionalized structures and curcumin analogues

“…[1][2][3] Its use is also reported in stimulus-sensitive materials, which can act as sensors of environmental changes when temperature, concentration, and pH are altered. [4][5][6] The hydroxyl terminal groups (o-functionalization) of PEGs can be transformed into -COOH, -NH and -SH groups. 1,4,6,7 The functionalized PEG is important for further reactions with other molecules (PEGylation).…”

“…[4][5][6] The hydroxyl terminal groups (o-functionalization) of PEGs can be transformed into -COOH, -NH and -SH groups. 1,4,6,7 The functionalized PEG is important for further reactions with other molecules (PEGylation). [1][2][3] Previous studies have demonstrated that PEGylated drugs lead to improvement in the treatment of several chronic diseases such as hepatitis C and leukaemia, rheumatoid arthritis, and also Crohn's disease.…”

“…However, a research group has recently applied the mechanochemical method to successfully obtain a functionalized PEG, avoiding the use of a large amount of solvents. 1,4,[6][7][8][9]…”

“…Their syntheses are normally carried out in solutions, by magnetic stirring and using reflux systems. 1,4,[6][7][8][9] Moreover, several of these reactions demand more than 2 hours. 4,6,9 Recently, Moores Research Group has reported the o-poly(ethylene glycol) functionalization of mPEG in the solid state using a Retsch Mixer Mill 400, operating at a frequency of 30 Hz.…”

“…1–3 Its use is also reported in stimulus-sensitive materials, which can act as sensors of environmental changes when temperature, concentration, and pH are altered. 4–6…”