Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to explore the relationship between body fat percentage and metabolic markers. Subjects and methods: Sedentary women were assigned to PCOS (N = 60) and CONTROL (N = 60) groups. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to body fat percentage (22-27%, 27-32% and 32-37%). The protocol consisted of assessments of glucose, insulin, androgens, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results: The PCOS subgroups showed higher concentrations of androgens, LH and 17-OHP. Leptin showed direct relationship with increased body fat percentage, whereas adiponectin showed the inverse effect. However, both were unaffected by PCOS. TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in PCOS women and showed a direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Glucose showed direct relationship with body fat percentage, whereas insulin presented higher values in PCOS women and direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that PCOS and body fat percentage directly influence concentrations of insulin, TNF-α and IL-6, whereas leptin and adiponectin are influenced only by the increase in body fat percentage in these women.

Green cardamom plus low-calorie diet can decrease the expression of inflammatory genes among obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

“…4 ). High levels of TNF-α increase dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and secretion of IL-6 [ 27 , 28 ] and could cause the proliferation of theca interna cells, which leads to hyperplasia and an increased number of follicles. TNF-α can also decrease ovulation by reducing progesterone production.…”

Green Cardamom Plus Low Calorie Diet Can Decrease Inflammatory Genes Expression Among Obese Women With Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome, A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

“…TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory biomarkers which is abundantly produced in adipose tissue macrophages. (Figure 4) High level of TNF-α increase dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and secretion of IL-6 [24,25]. High levels of this cytokine cause proliferation of theca intra cells, which leads to hyperplasia and an increase number of the follicles.…”

“…IL-6 is an endocrine inflammatory cytokine that produced in many body cells for example adipose tissue in acute and chronic inflammation [24]. High excess IL-6 level was associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian dysfunction [25,1,5]. CRP encoded by CRP gene is an acute-phase protein in which synthesized by IL-6 stimulation in hepatocytes [27].…”

A network pharmacological approach to evaluate Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-san formula’s mechanistic pathways and its implication in the symptomatology of polycystic ovarian syndrome

“…73 Although little evidence points out TNF signaling pathway crosstalk with the PPAR signaling pathway, 74,75 further research should explore the relationship between high inflammatory reaction and the severity of the PCOS conditions. Insofar, TNF alpha is higher in PCOS women, 76 and to inhibit FSH-induced follicle development, estradiol secretion and ovulation rate and a restorative effect may be acting through the PPARG pathway in mouse preantral follicles. 74 The crosstalk between multiple pathways plays an essential role in regulating several biological processes during cell-to-cell interactions.…”