The effect of graft application and allopurinol treatment on calvarial bone defect in rats

Abstract

Purpose To investigate the effects of allopurinol administration on osteoinductive reaction and bone development with graft material. Methods Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. In the control group, calvarial bone defect was only created without any treatment. In the Defect + Graft group, allograft treatment was performed by forming 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In the Defect + Graft + Allopurinol group, alloplastic bone graft was placed in the calvarial bone defect and then, allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) treatment was intraperitoneally applied for 28 days. Results Histopathological examination revealed inflammation, congestion in the vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells in the defect area. We also observed that new osteocyte cells, increase in connective tissue fibers, and new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was positive in osteoblast cells and lacunated osteocyte cells were located in the periphery of the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was also positive in osteoblasts and osteocytes cells of new bone trabeculae in the graft site. Conclusion It has been shown that allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with autogenous grafts.

Platelet-concentrated and platelet poor-plasma promote different pattern on immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1, however they impairs the osteoneogensis in calvarial defects treated with autograft due suppression of osteocalcin

“…blood vessels, bleeding and swelling after traumatic injury in the brain and choroid plexus. On the other hand, Laçin et al 18 add that the presence of cortical or even its grafts provide a durable and rigid structure, condition that may give convenient model for evaluating bone regenerative effects of biomaterials. Herein we used the non-critical model created in rabbit calvaria, maintaining the cortical bone to assess the osteogenic effects of PC and PPP.…”

“…Although many studies have demonstrated a positive effect of PC on osteoneogenesis, others studies revealed deleterious results 19 . The lack of unanimous results about the effect of PC on bone regeneration is attributed to variations in the PC preparations that could alter the platelet quality and/or quantity, which would result in differences in the regenerative potential of PC [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] . The PC production method used in this study has proven to be able to concentrate large amounts of platelets (upward of 6× concentration), differing from many authors who proposed the hypothesis that intermediate concentrations of platelets could optimize the repair, with maximum stimulation effects generated with approximate concentrations of 2.5×, unlike what would occur with higher concentrations 9,23 .…”

Short-term use of resveratrol in alloplastic graft material applied with calvarial bone defects in rats

“…Meanwhile, estrogens increase the differentiation of osteoblast cells and stimulate bone matrix mineralization, arrange the expression of non-collagenous proteins such as type I collagen and osteopontin, osteocalcin, osteonectin and the like 51 . A study of Lacin et al 52 . reported the effects of allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with alloplastic graft.…”

Involvement of MiRNA-211-5p and Arhgap11a Interaction During Osteogenic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells

“…As a marker of osteoblasts, OPN is involved in cell communication and matrix mineralization in bone regeneration and development (15). The OPN expression was found in various cells, including osteoblasts (16), osteocytes (17), and bone marrow's MSCs (18).…”