Castor oil (Ricinus communis): a review on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties

Yeboah, Akwasi; Ying, Sheng; Lü, Jing; Xie, Yu; Amoanimaa-Dede, Hanna; Agyenim-Boateng, Kwadwo Gyapong; Chen, Miao; Yin, Xiaochen

doi:10.1590/fst.19620

Cited by 60 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(157 reference statements)

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“…The comparison of the fatty acid composition in noug with that of other oilseed crops (Table 5) revealed that noug has high levels of linoleic acid (72-78%), with only safflower showing a comparable content (74-78%). However, the content of oleic acid was generally low in noug (5-8%), and only castor bean has similar low values (3-5%), although the major fatty acid in castor bean is ricinoleic acid [75]. Despite this, the high linoleic acid content in noug may place it among the high-quality oil crops.…”

Section: Nutritional Value Of Noug In Comparison With Other Oilseed Cropsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional Profile of the Ethiopian Oilseed Crop Noug (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.): Opportunities for Its Improvement as a Source for Human Nutrition

Tsehay

Ortíz

Geleta

et al. 2021

Foods

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of noug as a source for human nutrition. Diverse noug genotypes were evaluated for their content and/or composition of total lipids, fatty acids, proteins, and minerals using standard methods. The total lipid content (32.5–45.7%) and the proportion of an essential fatty acid, linoleic acid (72.2–77.8%), were high in noug, compared to other oilseed crops. The proportion of oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid, was low in noug (5.2–9.2%). The breeding objective of increasing the oleic acid level in the highland, where noug is mainly cultivated, was limited, as the content of this acid was low in this environment. The seed protein concentration (25.4–27.5%) and mineral content were mainly affected by the cultivation environment, as the high temperature increased the amount of protein, whereas the soil condition was a major factor in the variation of the mineral content. Thus, noug is a unique crop with a high seed oil content, of which a high proportion is linoleic acid. With the exception of the seed oleic acid content, when grown in low-altitude areas, the genotypic variation contributes less than the cultivation environment to the nutritional attributes of noug. Hence, high-oleic-acid noug for lowland production can be targeted as a breeding goal.

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Section: Nutritional Value Of Noug In Comparison With Other Oilseed Cropsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional Profile of the Ethiopian Oilseed Crop Noug (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.): Opportunities for Its Improvement as a Source for Human Nutrition

Tsehay

Ortíz

Geleta

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…The composition of castor oil is mainly composed of fatty acids and neutral lipids (triglycerides). Majority of the triacyl glyceride (TAG) molecules found in castor oil contain three molecules of ricinoleic acid linked to a glycerol moiety (Mubofu, 2016, Yeboah et al, 2020. Ricinoleic acid (C18:1-OH), a monounsaturated fatty acid, is the major component present in castor oil (Yeboah et al, 2020).…”

Section: Traditional Uses Of C Megalobotrysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Majority of the triacyl glyceride (TAG) molecules found in castor oil contain three molecules of ricinoleic acid linked to a glycerol moiety (Mubofu, 2016, Yeboah et al, 2020. Ricinoleic acid (C18:1-OH), a monounsaturated fatty acid, is the major component present in castor oil (Yeboah et al, 2020). It has 18carbon chain and one double bond at the 12 th carbon with the molecular formula C18H34O3.…”

Section: Traditional Uses Of C Megalobotrysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of two Non-Edible, Wild Indigenous Botswana Crops (Croton megalobotrys (Motsebi/Letsebi/Moshoole) and Ricinus communis (Mokhure)) as Potential Feedstocks for Petroleum and Cosmetic Industries

Paphane

Nkoane

Oyetunji

2021

East Afr. j. environ. nat. resour.

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Croton megalobotrys and Ricinus cummunis plants produce high-quality non-edible seed oils at relatively high quantities of 39.65 ± 0.06 % w/w to 53.74 ± 0.04 % w/w. The Iodine values of 85.97 ± 1.62 g I2/100 g to 96.51 ± 1.31 g I2/100 g; the low acid values of 0.96 ± 0.05 mg KOH/g to 5.31 ± 0.76 mg KOH/g; and high saponification values of 139.65 ± 1.06 mg KOH/g to 153.01 ± 1.67 mg KOH/g show that these seed oils can be useful feedstocks in the petroleum, soap, and cosmetics industries. GC-MS results revealed that R. cummunis seed oil is made up of eight (8) fatty acids with the bulk being ricinoleic acid at 81.51 %. Ricinoleic acid is the main fatty acid used in oleochemical industries. C. megalobotrys seed oil is made up of five (5) fatty acids, the most abundant being Linoleic acid which makes up 58.01 % of the seed oil. The other two significant fatty acids in C. megalobotrys seed oil are palmitic and oleic acids at 19.51 % and 18.37 %, respectively. These acids are important as starting materials in soap, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The fatty acids of the two seed oils absorb light at the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This means that cosmetic products made from these seed oils will be effective in protecting the human skin against ultraviolet radiation. The FT-IR peaks for the two seed oils show that even though these seed oils are made up of different fatty acids, the active sites of their fatty acids are similar, implying that these seed oils can be used as starting materials in similar industries.

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“…Castor (Ricinus communis L.), an industrial non-edible oilseed crop belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, is widely grown in the tropics and subtropical parts of the world. The oil in the castor oilseed is the sole oil that contains a high percentage of ricinoleic acid, making it useful for a wide spectrum of applications (Anjani 2014;Yeboah et al 2020b). It is commercially used for medicine, agriculture, and cosmetics, among others (Anjani 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of two wild castor (Ricinus communis L.) accessions for cadmium tolerance in relation to antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation

Yeboah

Lü

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The present study was conducted to assess the effect of toxicity of cadmium (Cd) on growth, tolerance index (TI), antioxidant activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in two contrasting wild castor accessions (16-024 and S2-4) via hydroponic experiment (0 and 100 mg/L Cd). The results showed that Cd significantly reduced the growth rate, seedling height, root length, and shoot length of the castor accessions compared to the control, with the Cd effect being more severe in S2-4 than in 16-024. In addition, biomass response including the root and shoot fresh weight and root dry weight decreased in both accessions compared to the control. Compared to the control group, the shoot dry weight of accession S2-4 declined by 21.7%, whereas there was no change in 16-024, suggesting a level of tolerance in 16-024. Analysis of TI on all the growth parameters and biomass content revealed that accession 16-024 was highly tolerant to Cd stress than S2-4. The results further revealed that the expression of the antioxidant enzymes, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), non-enzymatic antioxidant, glutathione, and MDA content, was influenced by genotype. S2-4 exhibited a higher antioxidant activity (SOD, CAT) and lipid peroxidation activity than 16-024, indicative of oxidative damage from Cd stress.

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Castor oil (Ricinus communis): a review on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties

Cited by 60 publications

References 91 publications

Nutritional Profile of the Ethiopian Oilseed Crop Noug (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.): Opportunities for Its Improvement as a Source for Human Nutrition

Nutritional Profile of the Ethiopian Oilseed Crop Noug (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.): Opportunities for Its Improvement as a Source for Human Nutrition

Evaluation of two Non-Edible, Wild Indigenous Botswana Crops (Croton megalobotrys (Motsebi/Letsebi/Moshoole) and Ricinus communis (Mokhure)) as Potential Feedstocks for Petroleum and Cosmetic Industries

Evaluation of two wild castor (Ricinus communis L.) accessions for cadmium tolerance in relation to antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation

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