Anogenital warts in pediatric population

Costa‐Silva, Miguel; Fernandes, Iva; Rodrigues, Acácio Gonçalves; Lisboa, Cármen

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.201756411

Cited by 37 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The physicians should suspect for sexual abuse when they encountered with anogenital warts in children. 10,17 Anogenital warts in pregnancy: Due to the reduced cellular immunity and increased vascularity in genital tractus in pregnancy, AGWs tend to grow more rapidly, to be more in number and friable. Besides, HPV can be transmitted vertically from the mother to the child during delivery which may result in neonatal and congenital, oral, or conjunctival lesions.…”

Section: Special Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cervical cancer: High-risk HPV subtypes (HPV 16 and HPV 18) are the causes of approximately 70% of invasive cervical cancer and it is estimated that 500,000 cases of cervical cancer occur each year worldwide. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] A study of paraffin-embedded samples of 10,575 cases of cervical cancer demonstrated that the most common HPV types were 16,18,31,33,35,45,52, and 58; HPV types 16 and 18 represented 71% of the cases overall. 25 Other anogenital cancers: Vaginal, vulvar, penile and anal cancers and their precancerous precursors such as vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (IN), penile IN, anal IN are other associated neoplasies.…”

Section: Neoplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anogenital siğiller: İnsan papilloma virüsü, klinik bulguları ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine bir güncelleme

Kılıç¹,

Ural

2019

Mucosa

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Anogenital warts is a major health problem caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). To date, more than 200 subtypes of HPV exist. Depending on the type of HPV and the immune status of the patient, various clinical forms may appear. The most detected types are HPV-6 and 11 which are responsible for approximately 90% of anogenital warts. High oncogenic strains HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible not only for cervical cancer, but also other cancers such as vagina, vulva, penile, anus, head and neck. Besides, anogenital warts impact the individual's quality of life leading significant psychosocial problems. Treatment options for anogenital warts include cytodestructive, immune-mediated and surgical therapies. Treatment choice depends on the location, number, and size of the warts; patient situation (eg. pregnancy, ability to comply with therapy, immunosuppression); availability of clinical expertise; and patient preferences, cost, and convenience. This article updates the epidemiological, etiological, clinical features and therapeutic choices in anogenital warts. Anogenital siğiller: İnsan papilloma virüsü, klinik bulguları ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine bir güncelleme Özet Anogenital siğiller insan papilloma virüsünün (HPV) neden olduğu önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bugüne kadar, 200'den fazla HPV alt tipi saptanmıştır. HPV tipine ve hastanın bağışıklık durumuna bağlı olarak, anogenital siğillerde çeşitli klinik formlar gözlenebilir. En çok tespit edilen tipler HPV-6 ve HPV 11 olup anogenital siğillerin yakla-şık% 90'ından sorumludur. Yüksek onkojenik suşlar HPV tip 16 ve 18 sadece servikal kanserden değil, vajina, vulva, penis, anüs, baş ve boyun gibi diğer kanserlerden de sorumludur. Ayrıca, anogenital siğiller, bireyin yaşam kalitesini etkileyerek önemli psikososyal sorunlara neden olur. Anogenital siğiller için tedavi seçenekleri arasında destrüktif, immün modülatör ve cerrahi tedaviler bulunmaktadır. Tedavi seçimi siğillerin yeri, sayısı ve büyüklüğüne; hastanın durumuna (örneğin, hamilelik, tedaviye uyma yeteneği, immün baskılama); klinisyenin tecrübesine; ve hastanın tercihleri ve rahatlığına bağlıdır. Bu makale anogenital siğillerdeki epidemiyolojik, etiyolojik, klinik özellikleri ve tedavi seçeneklerini güncellemektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: anogenital siğiller, insan papilloma virüsü, tedavi

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Section: Special Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neoplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anogenital siğiller: İnsan papilloma virüsü, klinik bulguları ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine bir güncelleme

Kılıç¹,

Ural

2019

Mucosa

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“…Anogenital verrucae (AV), or condyloma acuminata, are a nonmalignant skin neoplasm caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). While uncommon in children, exposure can occur in a number of settings: (a) perinatally by passage through the birth canal of an infected mother; (b) nonsexual contact from caregivers; (c) autoinoculation from verrucae on other sites; or (d) sexual abuse . As such, AV in children tend to be caused by a wider array of HPV strains than in adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though spontaneous resolution may occur, parents often seek treatment to mitigate pain, disfigurement, and/or significant physical or psychosocial burden . In addition, AV caused by high‐risk HPV subtypes are at risk for malignant transformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy for anogenital verrucae in preadolescent children with topical and systemic treatment

Chamseddin

Agim

Jarin

et al. 2019

Pediatric Dermatology

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Background/Objectives Anogenital verrucae (AV) are benign, human papillomavirus (HPV)–induced tumors of the anogenital skin and mucosa. Medical therapy for AV in preadolescents has not been well studied. We explore the efficacy and safety profile of sinecatechins 15% ointment and imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of AV, alone and in combination therapy with other commonly used medications. Methods A single‐institution, retrospective review of children under 12 years of age with AV treated with imiquimod 5% cream and sinecatechins 15% ointment was performed. Demographic data, side effects, and outcomes of therapy were recorded for each patient, and overall efficacy was determined. Results A total of 37 patients met inclusion criteria. Responses were seen in 8 out of 9 patients treated with sinecatechins 15% ointment (5 full, 3 partial, and 1 no response) and 9 out of 17 patients treated with imiquimod 5% cream (4 full, 5 partial, and 8 no response). Combination therapy with one or more of the following treatments (podophyllin, cimetidine, candida antigen injection, and HPV vaccine) were evaluated, but no combination was objectively superior to the others. No significant difference was found in overall efficacy between sinecatechins and imiquimod. Side effects were mild and limited to irritation and erythema. Conclusions Both imiquimod 5% cream and sinecatechins 15% ointment are moderately effective in the treatment of AV in preadolescent children, with a trend toward greater effectiveness of sinecatechins. Combination therapy with other treatments did not significantly increase the effectiveness of topical therapies. Each modality has a tolerable side effect profile with a low risk of serious complications.

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“…Penile warts are the most common sexually transmitted disease in males and are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) 1–3. Penile warts typically present as soft flesh-colored to brown papules or plaques on the penile shaft and glans penis 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penile warts: an update on their evaluation and management

Leung¹,

Barankin²,

Leong³

et al. 2018

DIC

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BackgroundPenile warts are the most common sexually transmitted disease in males. Clinicians should be familiar with the proper evaluation and management of this common condition.ObjectiveTo provide an update on the current understanding, evaluation, and management of penile warts.MethodsA PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms ‘penile warts’ and ‘genital warts’. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews.ResultsPenile warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), notably HPV-6 and HPV-11. Penile warts typically present as asymptomatic papules or plaques. Lesions may be filiform, exophytic, papillomatous, verrucous, hyperkeratotic, cerebriform, fungating, or cauliflower-like. Approximately one-third of penile warts regress without treatment and the average duration prior to resolution is approximately 9 months. Active treatment is preferable to watchful observation to speed up clearance of the lesions and to assuage fears of transmission and autoinoculation. Patient-administered therapies include podofilox (0.5%) solution or gel, imiquimod 3.75 or 5% cream, and sinecatechins (polypheron E) 15% ointment. Clinician-administered therapies include podophyllin, cryotherapy, bichloroacetic or trichloroacetic acid, oral cimetidine, surgical excision, electrocautery, and carbon dioxide laser therapy. Patients who do not respond to first-line treatments may respond to other therapies or a combination of treatment modalities. Second-line therapies include topical/intralesional/intravenous cidofovir, topical 5-fluorouracil, and topical ingenol mebutate.ConclusionNo single treatment has been shown to be consistently superior to other treatment modalities. The choice of the treatment method should depend on the physician’s comfort level with the various treatment options, the patient’s preference and tolerability of treatment, and the number and severity of lesions. The comparative efficacy, ease of administration, adverse effects, cost, and availability of the treatment modality should also be taken into consideration.

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Anogenital warts in pediatric population

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Anogenital siğiller: İnsan papilloma virüsü, klinik bulguları ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine bir güncelleme

Anogenital siğiller: İnsan papilloma virüsü, klinik bulguları ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine bir güncelleme

Therapy for anogenital verrucae in preadolescent children with topical and systemic treatment

Penile warts: an update on their evaluation and management

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