Type 2 segmental glomangioma - Case report

Abstract

Glomus tumors originate from modified perivascular muscle cells. The most common form is the solitary one. The multiple form may be associated with dominant genetic inheritance. We report a case of a patient with hemangiomatous lesions on the calcaneus and wrist since birth. In 6 years, there was progression of lesions throughout the body. Multiple glomangiomas are asymptomatic and more common in childhood. They can be confused with other vascular malformations. Histopathological diagnosis is essential. The case shows a type 2 segmental manifestation that can be explained by genetic mutation leading to the loss of heterozygosity. As the child grows, the lesions may disseminate due to mutation in distant parts of the skin. Literature shows few reports. The treatment is conservative.

Multiple Bluish Nodules in a 20-Year-Old Female with Similar Lesions in Her Father

“…Like our case, we present an otherwise healthy young female presented with GMV lesions since birth which later developed dissemination later in her adolescence. There have been less than 15 cases of congenital multiple GVM with type 2 segmental manifestation reported to date [10, 11].…”

Surgical Excision Followed by Pulsed Dye Laser Sessions for the Successful Treatment of Glomangiomatosis on the Left Flank: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…Glomus tumors are rare benign tumors that originate from glomic cells [1]. Glomic cells are located in arteriovenous anastomoses and are responsible for thermoregulation [2].…”

“…Glomus tumors have 3 major components: glomic cells, blood vessels, and smooth muscle. They are divided into 3 types depending on the predominant type of cell that forms the tumor: glomangioma, if vascular cells are predominant; solid glomus tumor, if glomic cells are predominant; and glomangiomyoma, if smooth muscle cells are predominant [1]. It is difficult to distinguish between a glomus tumor in general and a solid glomus tumor.…”

“…Glomangiomatosis is rare, accounting for 2% to 3% of glomus tumors. Such tumors are usually large and are not observed in the subungal area [1,2]. No instances of metastasis or malignant changes have been reported in these tumors, and they mainly occur in the upper and lower extremities, and rarely on the head and neck, chest wall, or the paravertebral area [4][5][6].…”

“…Glomus tumors are perivascular neoplasms that originate from perivascular muscle cells known as glomic cells [1]. Occasionally, glomus tumors display unusual features, such as manifesting in the form of multiple large clusters throughout the body.…”