Florística e síndromes de dispersão de espécies arbustivo-arbóreas no Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, PR, Brasil

Abstract

-(Floristic composition and diaspore dispersal syndromes of shrubs and tree species in Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, Paraná State, Brazil). The present study aimed to describe the floristics and strategies of propagule dispersal, as well as the types of fruits from woody species in a semi-deciduous forest fragment, at Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, which had suffered selective logging and became a conservation area in 1994. The survey was conducted monthly from October/2007 to July/2009 considering shrubs and woody individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm, resulting in the identification of 99 species and 77 genera distributed in 36 botanical families among the dispersion syndromes, zoochory was the most frequent, represented by 64% of the species, followed by anemochory (23%), and autocory (13%). The most abundant fruit was the capsule type. Comparisions with a previous study made in the same area, highlighted an increase of richness, high turnover of species and higher proportion of dispersed animal species, suggesting a successional advancement of this fragment. Key words: Atlantic Forest, semi-deciduous seasonal forest, southern Brazil, zoochorics species RESUMO -(Florística e síndromes de dispersão de espécies arbustivo-arbóreas no Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, PR, Brasil). O presente estudo teve por objetivos descrever a florística e as estratégias de dispersão de propágulos, assim como os tipos de frutos das espécies arbustivo-arbóreas em um fragmento de Floresta Estacional, no Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco, onde ocorreu extração seletiva de madeira até se tornar Unidade de Conservação em 1994. O levantamento florístico foi realizado durante os meses de outubro/2007 a julho/2009, considerando os indivíduos arbustivos e arbóreos com DAP ≥ 5 cm, resultando na identificação de 99 espécies e 77 gêneros, distribuídos em 36 famílias botânicas. A síndrome de dispersão mais frequente foi a zoocoria com 64% das espécies, seguida pela anemocoria (23%), e autocoria (13%); e o fruto mais abundante foi do tipo cápsula. As comparações com estudo anterior desenvolvido na área, ressaltaram o aumento na riqueza, grande substituição de espécies e maior proporção de espécies zoocóricas, sugerindo o avanço sucessional desse fragmento. Palavras-chave: espécies zoocóricas, floresta estacional semidecidual, Mata Atlântica, sul do Brasil

Tree and shrub flora in the surroundings of the Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Brazil: contribution to ecological restoration

“…Corroborating the ranking of representativeness of dispersal syndromes observed in other studies carried out in seasonal semideciduous forest (Silva & Soares-Silva 2000, Santos & Kinoshita 2003, Kinoshita et al 2006, Zama et al 2012 and agreeing with the general pattern observed in tropical forests (Howe & Smallwood 1982), the most frequent dispersal syndrome was the zoochory (69%), followed by anemochory (17%) and autochory (14%). The percentage of zoochoric species that we found in this study was higher than that found in other studies in well preserved seasonal semideciduous forests (Silva & Soares-Silva 2000, Santos & Kinoshita 2003, Kinoshita et al 2006, what shows a good overall representativeness of zoochoric species in our floristic sampling.…”

“…The distribution of species richness among families in the study area was similar to that found in other seasonal semideciduous forest studies in the Brazilian States of São Paulo (Cielo-Filho et al 2009, Souza et al 2012 and Paraná (Viani et al 2011, Gris 2012, Zama et al 2012, Rossetto & Vieira 2013; in the Province of Misiones, Argentina (Chediack 2008, Velazco et al 2015; and in the Departments of Canindeyú and Alto Paraná, Paraguay (Monge 2009). However, an interesting feature of the study area was the relatively low representativeness of Lauraceae and the relatively high richness of Solanaceae.…”

“…For instance, the use of an inclusion criterion to sampling plant individuals -stem perimeter at breast height equal or more than 15 cm -by Gris (2012) and Souza (2015) (Viani et al 2011); in protected areas of the Argentine Province of Misiones: Iguazú National Park and its surroundings -72 species (Chediack 2008) and Osununú Private Reserve -96 species (Velazco et al 2015); in protected areas of the Paraguayan side of the area of influence of the Itaipu Lake -127 species (Monge 2009); and in the São Francisco State Park, northern Paraná State, where 113 tree species were recorded, although in this case the relatively low richness seems to be also related to the intensive practice of selective logging before the protected area had been established (Tomé et al 1999, Zama et al 2012.…”

Height Structure and Spatial Pattern of Five Tropical Tree Species in Two Seasonal Semideciduous Forest Fragments With Different Conservation Histories

“…The selected species are common in fragments of seasonal semideciduous forest of the region (DIAS et al, 2002 BARROSO, 1992;TOMÉ et al, 1999;SOARES-SILVA, 2000;LORENZI, 2002;ZAMA et al, 2012). Euterpe edulis was selected for the study, since it is a typical species of this forest formation.…”

Fotossíntese de espécies de Anibae em resposta à exposição a ambientes contrastantes de luz

“…Do ponto de vista da ecologia das espécies, em particular, da sucessão florestal, as espécies pertencentes à família Lauraceae são classificadas como espécies secundárias ou sucessionais tardias (Silva et al 2003;Zama et al 2012). Estas evidências são semelhantes para Aniba canelilla e A. rosaeodora que têm sido classificadas como espécies clímax tolerantes à sombra (Sampaio et al 2003;Karsten et al 2013).…”