Maturity, growth and natural mortality rate of the introduced fish Parachromis managuensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in the semiarid region of Brazil

Abstract

Aim The present study aimed to estimate the sexual maturity, growth and mortality rates of the jaguar guapote, Parachromis managuensis, an introduced fish species in the Brazilian semiarid region. Methods Specimens were collected between December 2015 and November 2016, in a dam at Serra Talhada municipality, Pernambuco, where the species was abundant. Results In total, 520 individuals were analyzed, with total lengths (TL) varying between 23 and 240 mm. Length at sexual maturity varied between 130.87 and 140.68 mm TL (Mean = 135.78 mm TL). Through the modal progression of monthly frequency distributions, the following growth parameters were obtained according to the von Bertalanffy model: L∞ = 341.40 mm, k = 0.840 and t0 = -0.035 year-1. Ages varied from 0.05 to 1.41 year, and an age at first maturity between 0.48 and 0.53 year (Mean = 0.51 year), with the largest part of the sample (72.64%) made of adult individuals. Natural mortality rates (M) were estimated from three different methods, varying between 1.53 and 3.04, with a mean of 2.27. Conclusions P. managuensis shows fast growth and maturation and high natural mortalities, which grants it biological advantages when compared to native species from the same trophic level in the area.

Karakter Meristik dan Morfometrik Spesies Ikan Asing Invasif Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867) di Waduk Penjalin, Brebes, Jawa Tengah

“…Laporan terakhir yang dipublikasikan mengenai jumlah spesies ikan endemik di Pulau Sulawesi berjumlah 68 spesies (Hadiaty, 2019) dan di Pulau Sumatera sebanyak 58 spesies (Wargasasmita, 2017) Potensi keanekaragaman jenis ikan di Indonesia telah mengalami banyak ancaman, mulai dari kerusakan habitat sampai pada masuknya spesies ikan asing invasif yang dapat mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem (Yanuarita et al, 2020). Bahaya ikan invasif ini dapat merusak keanekaragaman sampai mulai dari keanekaragaman genetik sampai ke tingkat lingkungan, mengubah keseimbangan ekologi, dinamika rantai makanan dan bahkan transfer nutrien (Resende et al, 2020). Kerusakan akibat fenomena ikan invasif telah banyak terjadi seperti di Danau Victoria akibat adanya introduksi ikan Lates niloticus yang menghilangkan ikan asli dari kelompok Tilapia (Goudswaard et al, 2002), dan di Danau Bositeng, China, yang terancam oleh spesies ikan asing invasif akibat masukanya ikan perch (Perca fluviantilis) yang menyebabkan ancaman kepunahan dua spesies endemik danau tersebut (Xiong et al, 2015).…”