Influence of land use, occupation, and riparian zones on zooplankton diversity in Cerrado streams

Abstract

Aim The riparian zones of the Cerrado biome have decreased significantly due to human expansion, altering the ecological dynamics of ecosystems, and zooplankton can respond to these changes. Therefore, we seek to evaluate the impact of riparian zones and environmental changes on zooplankton communities in streams, considering the trophic state and integrity of riparian zones. The research seeks to determine which predictors play the most significant role in structuring these communities. The main hypothesis is that local factors have a direct influence on zooplankton communities due to nearby limnological conditions. Methods We collected zooplankton samples and physicochemical variables at 20 points located in the Silvânia National Forest and surrounding areas (Goiás, Brazil). A Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was employed after selecting significant variables. A Multivariate Regression Tree (MRT) analysis was used to model relationships between species and environmental characteristics. Results We found that trophic state and forest cover had no significant influence on zooplankton richness and density. Despite identifying 88 species of zooplankton, we did not observe clear relationships with environmental factors. The Multivariate Regression Tree (MRT) analysis, however, revealed distinct clusters, clarifying the factors that shape the zooplankton community. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the need for further investigation into the interaction between zooplankton and their environment to offer valuable insights for ecological management and conservation efforts. Unforeseen disturbances can introduce stochastic elements into community variations, camouflaging the influence of local and spatial factors.