Critical analysis of the regulations regarding the disposal of medication waste

Bellan, Natalia; Pinto, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli; Kaneko, Telma Mary; Moretto, Lauro Domingos; Santos, Nelson dos

doi:10.1590/s1984-82502012000300018

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In 1972, 113 countries participated in the first United Nations (UN) conference held to address the aching international environmental issues. That year also witnessed the birth of the first environmental law, which aim was "to regulate human actions that may cause direct or indirect damage to the environment [64]." Later, in 1999, the WHO published guidelines regarding the safe disposal of unused pharmaceuticals [11].…”

Section: Guidelines Of World Health Organization (Who)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Alnahas

Yeboah

Fliedel

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A massive volume of expired medications amasses annually around the world because of pharmaceutical overprescription, combined with overproduction. The accumulation of pharmaceutical waste imposes ecological, economic and social/ethical burdens. Managing this presumed “waste” has developed into a global challenge due to the absence of specific regulations, unreasonable behavior of the patients, and an improper understanding of the concept of “expired medications” in general. This paper summaries, first, the recent literature reporting practices related to the disposal of unused medications. In this context, 48 papers from 34 countries with a total of 33,832 participants point towards a significant lack of public awareness regarding the appropriate disposal of such biologically potent chemicals. These findings are corroborated by a local survey on the disposal practices of unused medicines among pharmacy students at Saarland University. The regulatory aspects surrounding this topic, often based on the official guidelines for the disposal of expired medications and local waste management strategies, are then discussed in light of these findings. Finally, a closer inspection of the epistemic values of expired medications and different strategies for managing expired medications have been reviewed.

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Section: Guidelines Of World Health Organization (Who)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Alnahas

Yeboah

Fliedel

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…Thus, public policies, the consumer population of medicinal products and the pharmaceutical market can stimulate the implementation of medicinal RL programs. Bellan et al [29] also highlighted the fundamental participation of the society, the government agencies, and the actors in the production chain, since they participate directly, as protagonists, in this context [30]. According to Huang et al, in order to recycle and dispose off expired drugs, the government should design a subsidy policy that would stimulate users to return their expired drugs, and drugstores should be responsible for recycling the expired drugs and should serve as recycling stations [54].…”

Section: Knowledge Of Rps About Rl Of Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse Logistics of Postconsumer Medicines: The Roles and Knowledge of Pharmacists in the Municipality of São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2018

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Environmental contamination due to the disposal of expired or obsolete drugs is a concern, since there is no specific Brazilian legislation, regarding disposal by the final consumer, thus reflecting the need for reverse logistics of medicines, after their consumption. The objective of this study was to survey the knowledge of pharmacists regarding their role in the reverse logistics of medicines and to understand the contribution of reverse logistics, aimed at the appropriate disposal of Group B waste, on a voluntary basis, by the population, in the municipality of São Paulo. A survey conducted through interviews with a hundred and sixty-one pharmacists demonstrated that 35% have partial knowledge of the postconsumer reverse logistics of their place of work and 16.8% have complete knowledge of the environmental harm resulting from the contamination of medicinal waste. The pharmacists also reported (10%) that there should be an educational plan for clients, and 50% of them agreed that incentives and disclosure, regarding the importance of reverse logistics for medicines, should be provided to consumers.

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“…Furthermore, as evaluated by Bellan et al (2012), in a study on pharmaceutical legislation, it is important the participation of society, governmental agencies and industry on issues related to the regulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Brazilian Cosmetic Legislation and its impact on the industries during the 20th century

Garbossa

Campos

2016

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Cosmetics have been used since the very first days of human life. This early and continuing consumption has resulted in the growth of the Cosmetic Industry (C.I.). The C.I. must continue to invest in the development of innovative products which are safe for the consumers. On the other hand, the Health Agency should issue laws regulating the development of products. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the Brazilian Cosmetic Legislation before ANVISA and the challenges for the C.I. during the 20th century regarding the development of safe and effective cosmetics, and to show the importance of this legislation in the R&D. A Bibliographic and Documentary Exploratory Research was conducted based on safety and efficacy data contained in scientific studies and legal documents. The study showed that the creation of ANVISA was necessary because no resolution had been published about the safety and efficacy of cosmetics for the C.I. before ANVISA. However, the challenges faced by the C.I. may have had a negative impact on the health of consumers. Finally, it was concluded that the actions before ANVISA were insufficient to the C.I.. Thus, the creation of ANVISA was essential to have a regulatory basis fot the C.I.

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Critical analysis of the regulations regarding the disposal of medication waste

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Reverse Logistics of Postconsumer Medicines: The Roles and Knowledge of Pharmacists in the Municipality of São Paulo, Brazil

Evaluation of the Brazilian Cosmetic Legislation and its impact on the industries during the 20th century

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