Breeding tropical forages

Jank, Liana; Valle, Cacilda Borges do; Resende, R. M. S.

doi:10.1590/s1984-70332011000500005

Cited by 94 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In spite of the great effort of research institutions for the release of new cultivars, the number of cultivars effectively used is still small, and these few cultivars occupy large areas, generating vulnerability in the production systems due to biotic and abiotic factors Jank et al, 2011). In addition, the uncertainties regarding climate changes lead to different predictive strategies for breeding programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal performance and sward characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã)

et al. 2016

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-The objective of the present study was to evaluate live weight gain per animal and per area and its relationship with the characteristics of pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Paiaguás and Piatã. A randomized blocks experimental design was used, with two treatments and six replicates. The experimental area was 8.0 ha, divided into twelve paddocks of 0.67 ha. The grazing method used was continuous stocking, with variable stocking rate. Three tester steers were used per paddock. Sward heights were measured once a week, and the stocking rate (SR) was adjusted using regulator steers to maintain the sward height at 30 cm. Pasture samples were collected once a month, and herbage accumulation rate (HAR), percentage of leaves (PL), leaf:stem ratio (LSR), and nutritive value (NV) were determined. Animals were weighed every 28 days. No differences between the two cultivars were observed during the wet season for any of the evaluated parameters. However, cv. Paiaguás presented higher HAR and, consequently, higher SR than cv. Piatã during the dry season. As a result of its higher regrowth, cv. Paiaguás pastures presented significantly higher PL, LSR, and NV and, consequently, significantly higher average daily live weight gain. These differences resulted in higher live weight gain per area for Paiaguás grass (695 kg/ha per year) than for Piatã grass (645 kg/ha per year). Thus, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Paiaguás is a good alternative to decrease the temporary forage shortage and for the diversification of pastures in the Cerrado biome region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal performance and sward characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã)

et al. 2016

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“…The apomictic progenies, which present the desired agronomic traits, could be subjected to the final stages of evaluation for later release as new cultivars. On the other hand, sexual plants with superior characteristics could be used in new recombinations within the breeding program (Burton et al, 1973;Jank et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic evaluation of Paspalum notatum Flügge under the influence of photoperiod

et al. 2017

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of photoperiod on the forage yield by ecotypes and intraspecific hybrids of P. notatum. Tetraploid ecotypes from the United States Department of Agriculture and the National University of the Northeast in Argentina, in addition to six intraspecific hybrids, totaling 19 ecotypes, were assessed. The materials evaluated were subjected to an extended photoperiod (14 h of light) and natural photoperiod from July 2011 to October 2012. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial scheme of 19 × 2 (ecotypes × photoperiod) consisting of five replicates. The materials were influenced differentially by the variation in photoperiod, with one group showing high sensitivity, whereas another, smaller group, was insensitive to this factor. The use of materials with differentiated responses to photoperiod in different climatic regions can be an important tool to increase forage yield of Paspalum notatum.

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“…Brachiaria seed production represents an economically significant commercial product in Brazil, the largest producer and exporter of this commodity to the tropical world, since most beef and dairy production is based on pastures (Jank et al, 2011). Due to the importance of Brachiaria for pastures in Brazil, research to develop cultivars with higher production and better animal performance has been carried out at Embrapa Gado de Corte Research Center for over two decades .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behavior of Brachiaria decumbens hybrids

Souza

Pagliarini

Valle³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Brachiaria decumbens is a forage grass of inestimable value for livestock in Brazil due to its production of good quality forage even when planted on acid and poor soils, although it is susceptible to pasture spittlebugs. Only one cultivar, cv. Basilisk, has been used as the pollen donor in crosses with Brachiaria ruziziensis since 1988 at Embrapa Gado de Corte Research Center. Breeding within the species only became possible from 2009 when sexual accessions were successfully tetraploidized using colchicine. Three sexual genotypes were obtained and hybridization within B. decumbens was finally achieved. Here, we evaluated microspore tetrads using conventional cytology and found meiotic indexes above 78% for all three female genitors (cD24-2, cD24-27, cD24-45), but a low meiotic index (<22%) in the natural apomictic genitor D62 (cv. Basilisk) and in 49 hybrids. Analysis of the relationship between abnormal tetrad frequency and non-viable pollen grains yielded a highly significant Pearson correlation coefficient. The t-test proved significant for the progeny of cD24-45 x D62, with lower abnormalities and pollen sterility when compared to the other two progenies resulting from cD24-2 and cD24-27 crossed to D62, but these two did not differ. Apomictic hybrids such as S036 and X030 with low pollen sterility have the potential for use in cultivar development, whereas the sexual hybrids T012, X072, and X078 might be of use as female genitors in polycross blocks if they display good agronomic traits.

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Breeding tropical forages

Abstract: -Brazil has the largest commercial beef

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Animal performance and sward characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã)

Animal performance and sward characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (BRS Paiaguás and BRS Piatã)

Agronomic evaluation of Paspalum notatum Flügge under the influence of photoperiod

Meiotic behavior of Brachiaria decumbens hybrids

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