Toxoplasma gondii in cattle in Brazil: a review

Gomes, Daniella Ferreira Cordeiro; Krawczak, Felipe da Silva; Oliveira, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; Júnior, Álvaro Ferreira; Fernandes, Éverton K. K.; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti; Sevá, Anaiá da Paixão; Gennari, Solange Maria

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612019106

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…According to the published reports, more than 350 host species can be infected with T. gondii 22 . Toxoplasmosis, caused by the causative agent of protozoan T. gondii , has been a significant threaten to public health in the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China

Liang

Zhao

Wang³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Toxoplasma gondii, one of the important zoonotic parasites, has been detected in lots of hosts including humans, with a widespread prevalence. The products of equids, such as meat and milk, have been closely related to humans’ life. As the intermediate hosts, little is known about equids toxoplasmosis in Jilin province. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infections in equids from Jilin, northeastern China. In this study, a total of 245 blood samples of equids (192 horses, 25 donkeys and 28 mules) were collected from six localities in Jilin Province from March 2018 to August 2020 and detected by PCR. The occurrence rate of T. gondii B1 gene was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to evaluate risk factors associated with the positive rates in equids. Among 245equids, T. gondii molecular occurrence was 9.0% (22/245). The highest positive rate was observed in equids from Dongfeng (16.3%) followed by Taonan (10.0%), Wangqing (8.3%), Antu (8.0%), Tonghua (8.0%) and Shulan (2.3%). Statistical analysis revealed that farming model and region may be two main risk factors. Data analysis indicated that the positive rate in captive farm (3.2%, 95% CI: 0.0–6.7%) was significantly lower than those in cage-free farm (P < 0.05), and the region of Shulan was protective factor (OR: 0.063, 95% CI: 0.007–0.559).The results of our study alert people to be aware that the present of equids T. gondii infection in this region, and contribute to a prevention and treatment program for toxoplasmosis in Jilin, China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China

Liang

Zhao

Wang³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Although different studies have described seropositivity in buffalo worldwide, the importance of buffalo meat for public health is currently unknown. In cattle, previous studies have not detected viable parasites in beef from meat stores ( 54 ); however, T. gondii should be considered an issue of public health in regions where buffalo meat is widely consumed ( 55 ). Fresh and imported frozen buffalo meat obtained from markets in Egypt were assessed for viable T. gondii by bioassay in cats, and the prevalence of tissue cysts in fresh meat was 15.4% although none of the frozen buffalo meat was considered positive ( 56 ).…”

Section: Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Toxoplasmosis and Neosporosis in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

et al. 2020

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Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are diseases with worldwide distribution that are associated with reproductive problems in livestock and responsible for economic losses. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge relative to these diseases in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). In general, buffalo are considered resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis because there are studies only reporting serological evidence of natural infection in these animals. Studies have described age, poor hygienic status of the farm, and presence of cats as risk factors for the development of Toxoplasma gondii infection in buffalo. It must be highlighted that buffalo meat, which does not receive adequate freezing treatment, could be a potential source for toxoplasmic human infection as well as the importance of raw buffalo milk in the transmission of toxoplasmosis to human beings. Neospora caninum is considered one of the major causes of abortion and responsible for huge economic losses in cattle. Vertical transmission is the main route to infect calves, and is responsible for maintaining the parasite within a herd. In buffalo, vertical transmission is also described; moreover, although there are indications that N. caninum may be associated with abortion in dairy buffalo, the reproductive importance of neosporosis is apparently lower in buffalo relative to cattle. Most studies have identified a higher time of exposition to N. caninum oocysts relative to age. The household system was also described as a risk factor for infection, possibly due to persistent contact between the home-raised buffalo and canids. The fetal immune competence of buffalo is similar to bovine, and buffalo fetus are highly susceptible to infection during the first trimester of pregnancy, indicating that N. caninum may be an abortigenic agent in buffaloes. Alternatively, it is interesting to note there is evidence that the inflammatory response in pregnant buffalo infected with N. caninum is mild enough to avoid abortion in most cases. It is proposed that the possible transmission of toxoplasmosis through unprocessed milk and buffalo meat may occur, which is important in terms of public health. Additionally, there is strong evidence to suggest that N. caninum may be associated with abortion in buffalo.

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“…Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an apicomplexan protozoan [1]. Infections with T. gondii are common in humans and animals worldwide [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Suicidal Behavior in People with Alcohol Consumption

et al. 2021

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We determined the association between T. gondii infection and suicidal behavior in people with alcohol consumption. One-thousand four-hundred and twenty-three people with alcohol consumption were screened for suicidal behavior and tested for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 34 of 224 (15.2%) individuals with suicidal ideation and in 118 (9.8%) of 1199 individuals without suicidal ideation (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.08–2.47; p = 0.01). Seropositivity to T. gondii was associated with suicidal ideation in women (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.33–3.78; p = 0.001) and in individuals aged ≤30 years (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.22–5.87; p = 0.01) and >50 years (OR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.19–6.77; p = 0.01). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 17 of 136 (12.5%) individuals with suicide attempts and in 135 (10.5%) of 1287 individuals without suicide attempts (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.71–2.08; p = 0.47). Seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was associated with suicide attempts in women (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 0.99–3.55; p = 0.04). No association between anti-T. gondii IgM and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts was found. Results suggest that T. gondii infection is associated with suicidal behavior in people with alcohol consumption.

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Toxoplasma gondii in cattle in Brazil: a review

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China

Molecular occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in equids in Jilin, China

A Review of Toxoplasmosis and Neosporosis in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Suicidal Behavior in People with Alcohol Consumption

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