Ovicidal and larvicidal potential of Rosmarinus officinalis to control gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep

Abstract

Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection (GIN) are the main constraint to the production of small ruminants. Studies of medicinal plants have been an important alternative in the effort to control these parasites. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis. The oil was extracted, analyzed by gas chromatography and tested on GIN eggs and larvae in six concentrations, 227.5mg/mL, 113.7mg/mL, 56.8mg/mL, 28.4mg/mL, 14.2mg/mL and 7.1mg/mL. To determine the ovicidal activity, GIN eggs were recovered from sheep feces and incubated for 48h with different concentrations of the oil. For the evaluation of larval migration, third-stage larvae (L3) were obtained by fecal culture, and associated with the essential oil for 24h at the same concentrations, after which they were left for another 24 hours on microsieves, followed by the count of migrating and non-migrating larvae. The assays of R. officinalis oil showed a significant (p<0.05) 97.4% to 100% inhibition of egg hatching and a significant (p<0.05) 20% to 74% inhibition of larval migration. The main constituent revealed by gas chromatography was Eucalyptol. The results indicate that R. officinalis essential oil has ovicidal and larvicidal activity on sheep GINs.

Atividades biológicas de plantas medicinais utilizadas na Medicina Veterinária no Brasil entre 2000 e 2020: Uma revisão de literatura

“…A predominância de artigos que abordam as atividade anti-helmíntica de uma ou mais plantas deve-se ao fato de que muitas são as pesquisas com produtos naturais voltados à área da produção animal. Pode-se perceber nesse estudo que nos últimos vinte anos, as pesquisas com plantas medicinais vêm crescendo entre as linhas que buscam alternativas para o controle de parasitoses em animais de produção, e os resultados dessas pesquisas têm sido bastante promissores (Sinott et al, 2012;Maciel et al, 2019;Pinto et al, 2019).…”

Anti-helmintic Activity of Myrtus communis L. Fruit Ethanol Extract on Nematodes of Caenorhabditis elegans and The Determination of Possible Active Ingredients

“…As a result of GC-MS analysis, 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), the oxygenated monoterpenes that we detected with the highest rate, were also detected at high rates in the essential oils of Artemisia lancea (34.56%), Piper aduncum (55.8%), and Rosmarinus officinalis (42.11%). It was observed that essential oils of these species show high ovicidal and larvicidal activity on H. contortus [25][26][27].…”

Anthelmintic Properties of Essential Oils to Control Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Sheep—In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

“…These drugs were proven effective in the control of GINs in previous decades and make up to 53% of total used veterinary drugs [8,10]. However, excessive use, often resulting in overfrequent treatments, has led to the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR), which has been reported in many parts of the world for different nematode species [4,11]. Consequently, the declined efficacy of most commonly used anthelmintic drug classes such as benzimidazoles (BZ) and macrocyclic lactones (ML) has caused additional high economic losses, which overall endanger modern livestock [4,12].…”

“…Consequently, the declined efficacy of most commonly used anthelmintic drug classes such as benzimidazoles (BZ) and macrocyclic lactones (ML) has caused additional high economic losses, which overall endanger modern livestock [4,12]. This justifies the urgent need for new, alternative strategies such as genetic control methods, pasture management, nutritional manipulation, biological regulation (such as the use of nematophagus fungi), vaccine development and the use of different herbal-based products [11,13].…”

“…EOs obtained from plants such as Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula officinalis, Eucalyptus spp., Cymbopogon spp. Melaleuca alternifolia, Lippia sidoides, Croton zehntneri, Citrus sinensis etc, and their isolated compounds such as carvacrol, thymol, anethol, eucalyptol, eugenol, citral and others, are among the most referenced [11,14,15,18,32]. However, an insufficient number of such studies, as well as the fact that there are still many unknowns related to the anthelmintic activity of EOs, suggests the need for new studies.…”