Effect of dietary supplementation with propolis and Aloe barbadensis extracts on hematological parameters and parasitism in Nile tilapia

Abstract

This study evaluated the influence of diet supplementation with propolis and Aloe barbadensis on hematological parameters and parasitism in tilapia. One hundred and eighty fish were distributed among 12 water tanks forming four treatments: fish supplemented with a 1:1 mixture of 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% propolis and aloe extracts. After the fish had been fed on the experimental diets for 15 and 21 days, blood samples were taken and parasites collected. The monogeneans Cichlidogyrus sclerosus, C. halli, C. thurstonae and Scutogyrus longicornis were identified in the gills. Between the sampling times, there were increases in the numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes and lymphocytes, as observed after 21 days, possibly due to the stress level over the course of the assay and/or accumulation of substances in the organism. Supplementation with the mixture of propolis and aloe for 15 days showed the highest efficacy against the parasites. This was possibly due to the association between the two compounds. The results demonstrated that supplementation with mixtures of extracts did not produce hematological alterations and also favored a significant reduction in the number of gill parasites. The best results were achieved after 15 days of feeding with a diet with 0.5% and 1% supplementation with the extract mixture, which increased efficiency by 83 and 85% respectively

The effect of dietary immunostimulants on the susceptibility of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the white spot parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

“…Dotta et al (2015) studied the effect of diet supplementation with the admixture of propolis and aloe, Aloe barbadensis on haematological parameters (i.e. haematocrit, red blood cell, white blood cell and thrombocyte counts) and monogenean parasite infection in Oreochromis niloticus.…”

Effect of propolis extract on the parasite load of Nile tilapias reared in cages

“…The number of fish with and without parasites was counted, coupled to the number of parasites in the branchiae and in the skin for each treatment to determine prevalence, intensity and abundance, following Bush et al (1997). Results generated efficaciousness, according to Dotta et al (2015) by formula: E = MNPCG -MNPTG x 100 / MNPCG (E: efficaciousness; MNPCG: number of parasites in control group; and MNPGT: number of parasites in the group with treatment). Results on parasite intensity and abundance underwent Student´s t test (p>0.05).…”

“…However, the intensification of tilapia production has also triggered high density breeding systems with great risks related to diseases caused by stocking stress (KUBITZA, 2011). For instance, infestations by Tricodinids and Monogenoids parasites cause external lesions that become the gateway for bacteria, with significant mortality rates for fish (BRACCINI et al, 2008;JERÔNIMO et al, 2011;DOTTA et al, 2015).…”

Induced aerocystitis and hemato-immunological parameters in Nile tilapia fed supplemented diet with essential oil of <i>Lippia alba</i>

“…Studies on inflammatory responses and possible strategies for its control in aquaculture have gained attention since they give required scientific support to fish handling. Farmed fish are in constant contact with different agents capable of provoking inflammatory condition (MARTINS et al, 2001) Inflammatory response has been evaluated under several factors such as fish fed supplemented diets containing vitamins (BELO et al, 2005;MARTINS et al, 2008a;BELO et al, 2012), probiotics (REQUE et al, 2010;DOTTA et al, 2011;CASTRO et al, 2014a), amino acids, minerals and polysaccharides (FALCO et al, 2012;CASTRO et al, 2014b;MACHADO et al, 2015), phytotherapics (DOTTA et al, 2015), stocking density (BELO et al, 2005) and the stressful effect on inflammatory response (MARTINS et al, 2004). Some phlogogen agents have been used to stimulate cell migration and the most used are carrageenin (MATUSHIMA; MARIANO, 1996;MARTINS et al, 2001;MARTINS et al, 2004;MARTINS et al, 2008a;MARTINS et al, 2009;DOTTA et al, 2011), thioglycolate (MARTINS et al, 2001;BOZZO et al, 2007;MARTINS et al, 2009;MORAES et al, 2012), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (MARTINS et al, 2004;BOZZO et al, 2007;MARTINS et al, 2008a;MORAES et al, 2012), inactivated bacteria (BOZZO et al, 2007;REQUE et al, 2010;MORAES et al, 2012;CLAUDIANO et al, 2013;CASTRO et al, 2014b;MACHADO et al, 2015) and glass coverslip (BELO et al, 2005;…”

“…In the gills of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum fed supplemented diet with essential oil of basil Ocimum gratissimum, a decrease in the number of monogeneans was related to an increase in the oil concentration in the diet (CHAGAS et al, 2012). Therapeutic baths with essential oil of peppermint Mentha pipperita at 40 mg/l -1 for 10 min reduced up to 41.63% the number of monogeneans in the gills of O. niloticus and no hematological alterations were found in treated fish (HASHIMOTO et al, 2016 (DOTTA et al, 2015). The uses of natural products have been highlighted in animal health due to bioactive substances that present good protection against microorganisms and parasites, and their pharmacological residues do not present risk to both environment and human health.…”