Seroepidemiological aspects ofLeishmania spp. in dogs in the Itaguai micro-region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

This study evaluated factors associated with the frequency of Leishmania spp. antibodies in dogs residing in the Itaguai micro-region, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 524 dogs. The serum samples were submitted to indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Leishmania spp. The frequency of seropositive dogs was 28.24% (n = 148) in the micro-region, and among the three municipalities within that region, the highest frequency (p < 0.05) was observed in Seropedica (59.46%), followed by Itaguai (29.05%) and Mangaratiba (11.49%). Regarding factors associated with the host, mongrel dogs and those over the age of two presented higher frequency of antibodies to Leishmania spp. (p < 0.05). Concerning factors related to the environment and habits of the animal, dogs residing in rural areas (FR = 1.67, p = 0.0002), living outside the residence (FR = 1.42, p = 0.0197), with access to forest, streams and pastures (FR = 2.81, p = 0.0007), remaining loose (FR = 1.66, p = 0.0073), and those that had no shelter (FR = 2.16, p < 0.0001) were more likely to be seropositive. Canine leishmaniasis is a disease with high occurrence in the Itaguai micro-region, and aspects such as the definition of breed, age, habits and care by owners showed significant association in this micro-region.

Serological survey of cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis and evaluation of phlebotomine fauna on Marambaia Island, municipality of Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

“…The island, which belongs to the Armed Forces, prohibits the entry and exit of animals; therefore, we suspect that the cases of CVL may be indigenous. This prevalence is close to the findings by Silva et al (2013), who reported prevalence of 11.59% for CVL in Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro state. This finding corroborates Paranhos- Silva et al (1996), who carried out a cross-sectional study in Bahia state, and found prevalence of 23.5%.…”

Leishmania infantum β-Tubulin Identified by Reverse Engineering Technology through Phage Display Applied as Theranostic Marker for Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

“…Brazil is responsible by about 90% of VL cases, with the L. infantum species being the main parasite species responsible for the disease in dogs and humans [3]. Prophylactic measures have not been efficient to control this disease, and the available antileishmanial drugs present problems regarding their toxicity and/or high cost [4]. Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine could be considered as a strategy to control the spread of the disease.…”

Lomustine for treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumor

“…The epidemiological data results are in agreement with those described in the literature (CRUZ et al, 2010;HUPPES et al, 2014;PEIXOTO et al, 2016). The marked prevalence of mixedbreed dogs has often been reported in similar studies (SILVA et al, 2013;ARAÚJO et al, 2016;PEIXOTO et al, 2016;PAULINO et al, 2018), and can be related to the greater prevalence of mixedbreed dogs among the stray population in Brazilian cities. As for age, only one patient was classified a geriatric, while the others were young or middleaged (of reproductive age).…”